Characteristics and Driving Factors of Water Level Variation in Dongting Lake During Flood Season

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20230703

Abstract

Abstract:

Dongting Lake is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and its hydrological characteristics have an important impact on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. According to the evolution characteristics and driving factors of Dongting Lake water level in flood season under changing environment, this paper analyzes the lowest water level, highest water level and average water level of Dongting Lake in flood season in East Dongting Lake (Chenglingji Station), West Dongting Lake (Nanzui Station) and South Dongting Lake (Yangliutan Station). The Mann-Kendall method and Pettitt method were used to test the variation of the three types of water level series, the frequency change characteristics of the three types of water level series was analyzed based on the GAMLASS model, and the contribution rate of climate change and human activities was quantified by the cumulative slope change rate method, so as to comprehensively analyze the driving factors of water level change in Dongting Lake during flood season. The results show that under the same design frequency, the design values of the three kinds of water level series have different degrees of reduction. In addition, the water storage of Gezhouba, the bending of Lower Jingjiang River and the increase of precipitation were the main reasons for the rise of Dongting Lake water level during the A2 period (1978-2002). During A3 period (2003-2022), the water level of East Dongting Lake decreased due to the influence of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the main stream of the Yangtze River and the inflow of three mouths and four rivers. The West Dongting Lake and the South Dongting Lake are mainly affected by the decrease of precipitation, which leads to the decrease of incoming water volume and the decrease of water level. This study can provide reference for flood control safety and water resources utilization in Dongting Lake area under changing environment.

Key words: minimum water level in flood season, maximum water level in flood season, average water level in flood season, variation, climate change, human activities, Dongting Lake

CLC Number:

P333

LONG Yuan-nan, TANG Ying, YANG Jia-liang, MO Jun-cheng, SONG Xin-yi. Characteristics and Driving Factors of Water Level Variation in Dongting Lake During Flood Season[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(12): 15-22.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Water system map of Dongting Lake

Fig.2 Variation trend of water level in Chenglingji Station,Nanzui Station and Yangliutan Station in flood season

Table 1 Diagnostic results of hydrological variation atChenglingji Station, Nanzui Station and Yangliutan Station

水文站点	汛期最低水位	汛期最高水位	汛期平均水位
城陵矶站	2003年↓	1978年↑、 2003年↓	1973年↑、 2003年↓
南咀站	2003年↓	1978年↑、 2003年↓	2003年↓
杨柳潭站	2003年↓	1978年↑、 2003年↓	2003年↓

Fig.3 Alteration diagnose results of water level series in flood season at Chenglingji Station,Nanzui Station and Yangliutan Station

Fig.4 Changes in the frequency of maximum,minimum, and average water levels in flood season

Table 2 Calculation results of contribution rate of climate change and human activities to the change of maximum water level in Dongting Lake during flood season

站点	时期	累积降水斜率/ (mm·a^-1)	累积蒸发斜率/ (mm·a^-1)	累积水位斜率/ (m·a^-1)	斜率与基准期比较变化率%		气候变化贡献率/%	人类活动贡献率/%
站点	时期	累积降水斜率/ (mm·a^-1)	累积蒸发斜率/ (mm·a^-1)	累积水位斜率/ (m·a^-1)	气候变化	水位变化	气候变化贡献率/%	人类活动贡献率/%
	A1:1977年以前	717.90	734.19	31.52
城陵矶	A2:1978—2002年	772.50	719.31	32.60	5.58	3.42	163.31	-63.31
	A3:2003—2022年	738.09	722.01	32.08	4.08	-1.61	254.00	-154.00
	A1:1977年以前	863.16	740.65	33.63
南咀	A2:1978—2002年	839.88	740.43	34.69	1.35	3.15	42.95	57.05
	A3:2003—2022年	847.97	750.40	34.18	0.70	-1.48	47.61	52.39
	A1:1977年以前	744.90	748.44	32.70
杨柳潭	A2:1978—2002年	802.61	742.09	33.70	6.90	3.07	224.98	-124.98
	A3:2003—2022年	756.02	747.29	32.98	5.10	-2.14	238.34	-138.34

Fig.5 Relationships between monthly mean inflow rate of Yangtze River at Luoshan and monthly mean water level at Chenglingji before and after the Three Gorges operation

Fig.6 Mean monthly discharges of Luoshan station, the four tributaries and the three outlets before and after the Three Gorges operation

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