Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Storm Surges along the Coast of China Based on Historical Data from 1950 to 2003

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20230660

Abstract

Abstract:

Storm surge is one of the most serious natural disasters along the coast of China. The temporal and spatial distribution of storm surge in China’s coastal areas was obtained by analyzing the storm surge data of 67 stations from 1950 to 2003. It is found that the southeast coast of China is the region with the most serious storm surge disasters in terms of frequency and intensity, and the intensity of storm surges is concentrated in Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅳ levels. The storm surge in the Yangtze Estuary and Hangzhou Bay are relatively large. Moreover, the path of the wind field and the astronomical tide have a significant impact on the storm surge. Taking Dinghai station as an example, the path of the tropical cyclone turning to the west of 125°E has the most significant impact on the storm surge and most of the occurrence time of peak surge is around spring tide and before and after the astronomical low tide. The results can provide a reference for storm surge risk assessment and disaster prevention and mitigation.

Key words: storm, water level surge, coast of China, temporal and spatial distribution

CLC Number:

P751

Cite this article

CHU Dong-dong, QIN Yue, LI Meng-yu, WANG Min, ZENG Xin, YUAN Yuan, CHE Zhu-mei, ZHANG Ji-cai. Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Storm Surges along the Coast of China Based on Historical Data from 1950 to 2003[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(11): 88-94.

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URL: http://ckyyb.crsri.cn/EN/10.11988/ckyyb.20230660

http://ckyyb.crsri.cn/EN/Y2024/V41/I11/88

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 Distribution of tidal gauge stations

Fig.2 Distribution of total number and annual average number of storms of each station along the coast of China

Fig.3 Distribution of peak of water level and peak of storm surge of each station along the coast of China

Fig.4 Interannual and monthly variation of recorded number of storm surges from 1950 to 2003

Fig.5 Recorded number of storm surges from 1950 to 2003

Fig.6 Three types of storm surge curves at Dinghai station

Table 1 Information of 20 typhoon and storm surges affecting Dinghai station

台风名称	CMA 编号	台风类型	增水形态	风暴潮增水/ cm	最大增水时刻
台风名称	CMA 编号	台风类型	增水形态	风暴潮增水/ cm	日期	潮汛	潮汐时刻
伊文 (Irving)	7909	①型	波动	56	08-16	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
茱迪 (Judy)	7910	①型	波动	105	08-24	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
欧文 (Owen)	7915	②型	混合	53	09-28	大潮	涨潮后 2 h
泰培 (Tip)	7919	②型	标准	87	10-18	大潮	天文低潮前2 h
云茵 (Wynne)	8019	②型	波动	54	10-13	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
福雷斯特 (Forrest)	8310	①型	标准	159	09-27	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
比尔 (Bill)	8807	④型	标准	76	08-08	中潮	天文低潮前2 h
奥菲莉亚 (Ofelia)	9005	④型	波动	54	06-24	中潮	涨潮后 2 h
艾贝 (Abe)	9015	④型	标准型	65	08-31	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
密瑞儿 (Mireille)	9120	②型	标准	64	09-27	大潮	天文低潮前2 h
玻莉 (Polly)	9216	③型	波动	67	08-30	大潮	天文低潮前2 h
泰德 (Ted)	9219	④型	混合	76	08-31	中潮	落潮后 2 h
弗雷德 (Fred)	9417	④型	波动	64	08-21	中潮	涨潮后 3 h
塞思 (Seth)	9430	①型	波动	72	10-11
贺伯 (Herb)	9608	③型	混合	49	08-01	中潮	天文高潮时
赞恩 (Zane)	9620	②型	波动	69	09-30	大潮	天文低潮前2 h
溫妮 (Winnie)	9711	④型	标准	148	08-18	大潮	涨潮后 3 h
巴特 (Bart)	9912	②型	波动	74	09-23	中潮	天文低潮前2 h
派比安 (Prapiroon)	0012	①型	波动	79	08-31	大潮	天文高潮时
桑美 (Saomai)	0014	①型	混合	140	09-14	大潮	落潮后 4 h

Table 1 Information of 20 typhoon and storm surges affecting Dinghai station

台风名称	CMA 编号	台风类型	增水形态	风暴潮增水/ cm	最大增水时刻
台风名称	CMA 编号	台风类型	增水形态	风暴潮增水/ cm	日期	潮汛	潮汐时刻
伊文 (Irving)	7909	①型	波动	56	08-16	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
茱迪 (Judy)	7910	①型	波动	105	08-24	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
欧文 (Owen)	7915	②型	混合	53	09-28	大潮	涨潮后 2 h
泰培 (Tip)	7919	②型	标准	87	10-18	大潮	天文低潮前2 h
云茵 (Wynne)	8019	②型	波动	54	10-13	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
福雷斯特 (Forrest)	8310	①型	标准	159	09-27	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
比尔 (Bill)	8807	④型	标准	76	08-08	中潮	天文低潮前2 h
奥菲莉亚 (Ofelia)	9005	④型	波动	54	06-24	中潮	涨潮后 2 h
艾贝 (Abe)	9015	④型	标准型	65	08-31	大潮	天文低潮前1 h
密瑞儿 (Mireille)	9120	②型	标准	64	09-27	大潮	天文低潮前2 h
玻莉 (Polly)	9216	③型	波动	67	08-30	大潮	天文低潮前2 h
泰德 (Ted)	9219	④型	混合	76	08-31	中潮	落潮后 2 h
弗雷德 (Fred)	9417	④型	波动	64	08-21	中潮	涨潮后 3 h
塞思 (Seth)	9430	①型	波动	72	10-11
贺伯 (Herb)	9608	③型	混合	49	08-01	中潮	天文高潮时
赞恩 (Zane)	9620	②型	波动	69	09-30	大潮	天文低潮前2 h
溫妮 (Winnie)	9711	④型	标准	148	08-18	大潮	涨潮后 3 h
巴特 (Bart)	9912	②型	波动	74	09-23	中潮	天文低潮前2 h
派比安 (Prapiroon)	0012	①型	波动	79	08-31	大潮	天文高潮时
桑美 (Saomai)	0014	①型	混合	140	09-14	大潮	落潮后 4 h

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