Experimental Study on Soil Hardening Model Parameters of First-stage Terrace of Yangtze River in Wuhan

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20240144

Abstract

Abstract:

A series of physical property tests, consolidation tests, and unloading-reloading tests were conducted on undisturbed soil samples of silty clay, silt, and fine sand from the first-stage terrace of Yangtze River in Wuhan. The indoor experimental values of modified Mohr-Coulomb model parameters, including $E o e d r e f$ , $E 50 r e f$ , $E u r r e f$ ,c',φ',and R_f for typical soil layers with upper clay layer and lower sand layer in this terrace, were directly acquired. Using experimental data, adjusted experimental data, and empirical data from other regions in China, the relationships among different modulus parameters of typical soil layers in this region were analyzed. Moreover, the effective strength indexes were compared with the current provincial standard specification. The parameters obtained from this experimental study can be comprehensively selected and applied in areas with similar engineering geological background conditions. Additionally, they can offer valuable references for geotechnical engineering finite element parameter inversion analysis, parameter sensitivity analysis, and parameter applicability correction, which are based on the finite - element modeling experience of actual foundation pit engineering and the monitoring data of foundation pit engineering examples.

Key words: foundation pit engineering, hardening model parameters, numerical simulation, modified Mohr-Coulomb, first-stage terrace of Yangtze River

CLC Number:

TU412地形调查和勘探

LI Guang-cheng, SHAO Yong, Yi Pan-pan, WANG Lu, CHEN Ming, MA Lu-han. Experimental Study on Soil Hardening Model Parameters of First-stage Terrace of Yangtze River in Wuhan[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2025, 42(5): 165-173.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig.1 Inspection of the appearance of undisturbed samples

Table 1 Physical parameters of typical soil layers

土层	土样深度/m	密度/ (g·cm^-3)	含水率/%	相对密度	初始孔隙比
3粉质黏土层	3.7~4.2	1.98	30.97	2.75	0.819
4-1粉质黏土层	5.7~6.2	1.99	28.63	2.74	0.771
4-2粉土层	8.2~8.7	1.90	34.54	2.73	0.766
5-1粉砂层	17.2~17.4	1.95	32.30	2.70	0.769
5-2细砂层	29.2~29.4	2.00	29.34	2.70	0.697
5-3细砂层	39.8~40.0	2.04	20.08	2.70	0.596

Fig.2 Main testing devices

Fig.3 State of some specimens before and after triaxial consolidated drainage test

Fig.4 Relationship between axial load and axial strain of specimens from different soil layers during consolidation test

Fig.5 Relationship between porosity and vertical stress of specimens from different soil layers during consolidation test

Table 2 E o e d r e f and Es1-2 values of each soil layer

土层	$E o e d r e f$ / MPa	E_s1-2/ MPa	土层	$E o e d r e f$ / MPa	E_s1-2/ MPa
3粉质黏土层	4.86	5.12	5-1粉砂层	14.57	21.98
4-1粉质黏土层	6.28	6.83	5-2细砂层	17.42	23.26
4-2粉土层	11.88	13.12	5-3细砂层	18.95	22.98

Table 2 E o e d r e f and Es1-2 values of each soil layer

土层	$E o e d r e f$ / MPa	E_s1-2/ MPa	土层	$E o e d r e f$ / MPa	E_s1-2/ MPa
3粉质黏土层	4.86	5.12	5-1粉砂层	14.57	21.98
4-1粉质黏土层	6.28	6.83	5-2细砂层	17.42	23.26
4-2粉土层	11.88	13.12	5-3细砂层	18.95	22.98

Fig.6 Mohr circle of each soil layer

Table 3 Values of c' and φ' of each soil layer

土层	c'/kPa	φ'/(°)	土层	c'/kPa	φ'/(°)
3粉质黏土	14.13	25.77	5-1粉砂	0.28	39.06
4-1粉质黏土	13.07	26.04	5-2细砂	0.24	39.41
4-2粉土	10.45	33.92	5-3细砂	0.28	39.78

Fig.7 Strain-stress curves of specimens from different soil layers during triaxial consolidated drainage test

Fig.8 Curves of εaversus q-εa of each soil layer

Table 4 E 50 r e f and Rf values of each soil layer

土层	$E 50 r e f$ /MPa	q_f/kPa	q_a/kPa	R_f
3粉质黏土层	5.2	212.6	263.2	0.81
4-1粉质黏土层	5.2	215.4	263.2	0.82
4-2粉土层	6.7	220.5	277.8	0.79
5-1粉砂层	9.8	329.2	434.8	0.76
5-2细砂层	9.6	322.7	434.8	0.74
5-3细砂层	9.7	352.8	434.8	0.81

Table 4 E 50 r e f and Rf values of each soil layer

土层	$E 50 r e f$ /MPa	q_f/kPa	q_a/kPa	R_f
3粉质黏土层	5.2	212.6	263.2	0.81
4-1粉质黏土层	5.2	215.4	263.2	0.82
4-2粉土层	6.7	220.5	277.8	0.79
5-1粉砂层	9.8	329.2	434.8	0.76
5-2细砂层	9.6	322.7	434.8	0.74
5-3细砂层	9.7	352.8	434.8	0.81

Fig.9 Unloading and reloading strain-stress curves of specimens from different soil layers during triaxial consolidated drainage test

Table 5 E u r r e f value of each soil layer

土层	$E u r r e f$ /MPa	土层	$E u r r e f$ /MPa
3粉质黏土层	19.1	5-1粉砂层	40.5
4-1粉质黏土层	24.8	5-2细砂层	54.1
4-2粉土层	35.7	5-3细砂层	54.5

Table 5 E u r r e f value of each soil layer

土层	$E u r r e f$ /MPa	土层	$E u r r e f$ /MPa
3粉质黏土层	19.1	5-1粉砂层	40.5
4-1粉质黏土层	24.8	5-2细砂层	54.1
4-2粉土层	35.7	5-3细砂层	54.5

Table 6 Comparative analysis of c' and φ' values

土层	指标来源	抗剪强度有效应力指标
土层	指标来源	P_s/MPa	N	f_ak/kPa	c'/kPa	φ'/(°)	c/kPa	φ/(°)
	DB42/T 159—2012	0.80	3.0	90	—	—	17	10
3粉质黏土层	原勘察报告	0.68	3.0	80	—	—	15	7
	本次试验结果	—	—	—	14.13	25.77	—	—
	DB42/T 159—2012	1.20	5.0	120	—	—	23	13
4-1粉质黏土层	原勘察报告	0.84	5.1	120	—	—	23	13
	本次试验结果	—	—	—	13.07	26.04	—	—
	DB42/T 159—2012	2.00	—	110	—	—	12	20
4-2粉土层	DB42/T 159—2012	3.00	—	150	—	—	11	23
	本次试验结果	—	—	—	10.45	33.92	—	—
	DB42/T 159—2012	6.00	14	170	0	32	0	30
5-1粉砂层	原勘察报告/原状取样勘察	6.39	11.2、15	160	—	—	0	28
	本次试验结果	—	—	—	0.28	39.06	—	—
	DB42/T 159—2012	8.00	21	210	0	36	0	33
5-2细砂层	原勘察报告/原状取样勘察	8.98	21.3、24	220	—	—	0	33
	本次试验结果	—	—	—	0.24	39.41	—	—
	DB42/T 159—2012	12.00	40	290	0	40	0	36
5-3细砂层	原勘察报告/原状取样勘察	12.85	34.8、37	280	—	—	0	35
	本次试验结果	—	—	—	0.28	39.78	—	—

Table 7 Soil stiffness modulus parameters in different regions

地区	土体	$E o e d r e f$ /E_s1-2	$E 50 r e f$ / $E o e d r e f$	$E u r r e f$ / $E o e d r e f$	$E u r r e f$ / $E 50 r e f$	$E 50 r e f$ /E_s1-2
武汉(本次试验)	3粉质黏土	0.95	1.07	3.93	3.67	1.02
	4-1粉质黏土	0.92	0.83	3.95	4.77	0.76
	4-2粉土	0.91	0.56	3.01	5.33	0.51
	5-1粉砂	0.66	0.67	2.78	4.13	0.45
	5-2细砂	0.75	0.55	3.11	5.64	0.41
	5-3细砂	0.82	0.51	2.88	5.62	0.42
武汉(试验数据)^[7]	老黏性土	—	2.93	4	1.36	—
武汉(调整后的试验数据)^[7]	老黏性土	—	2.4	6	2.5	—
武汉(经验数据)^[8]	粉质黏土、砂土	1	1~1.5	—	7	—
上海(试验数据)^[1,3]	黏土	0.63~0.9	1.2~1.3	5.7~10.5	4.4~8.4	0.8~1.13
	淤泥质粉质黏土	1.06~1.1	1.2~1.3	12.4~13.6	9.3~11.6	1.23~1.3
	淤泥质黏土	0.85~0.9	1.08~1.1	8.2~10.2	7.8~9.4	0.91
	粉质黏土	0.87~1	0.9~1.08	3.9~7.2	4.3~6.7	0.87~0.96
上海(调整后的试验数据)^[2]	黏土	0.9	1.2	7	—	—
	淤泥质粉质黏土
	淤泥质黏土
	粉质黏土
上海(经验数据)^[2,11]	砂土	1	1	4	—	—
上海(经验数据)^[2,11]	黏土、砂土	—	0.83~1.43	—	4~9	0.9~1
北京(试验数据)^[5]	粉土	1.09	1.28	3.04	2.49	1.34
北京(试验数据)^[5]	粉质黏土	1.09	0.98	4.52	4.61	1.07
北京(调整后的试验数据)^[5]	粉质黏土	1	1~2	—	4~6	—
北京(经验数据)^[5,11]	砂土	1	1	—	3~5	—
北京(经验数据)^[5,11]	黏土、砂土	—	1~2	—	2~4	—
天津滨海软土(试验数据)^[4]	粉质黏土	2.11	0.7	—	2.1	1.56
	淤泥质黏土	1.94	1.7	—	2	1.28
	黏土	1.79	1.1	—	1.8	1.89
	粉质黏土	1.4	0.5	—	1.4	0.73
天津(经验数据)^[11]	黏土、砂土	—	0.67~1	—	5	1.5~2
不分地区的经验取值^[11]	黏土	1	1~2	—	3	—
不分地区的经验取值^[11]	砂土	1	1	—	3	—

Table 7 Soil stiffness modulus parameters in different regions

地区	土体	$E o e d r e f$ /E_s1-2	$E 50 r e f$ / $E o e d r e f$	$E u r r e f$ / $E o e d r e f$	$E u r r e f$ / $E 50 r e f$	$E 50 r e f$ /E_s1-2
武汉(本次试验)	3粉质黏土	0.95	1.07	3.93	3.67	1.02
	4-1粉质黏土	0.92	0.83	3.95	4.77	0.76
	4-2粉土	0.91	0.56	3.01	5.33	0.51
	5-1粉砂	0.66	0.67	2.78	4.13	0.45
	5-2细砂	0.75	0.55	3.11	5.64	0.41
	5-3细砂	0.82	0.51	2.88	5.62	0.42
武汉(试验数据)^[7]	老黏性土	—	2.93	4	1.36	—
武汉(调整后的试验数据)^[7]	老黏性土	—	2.4	6	2.5	—
武汉(经验数据)^[8]	粉质黏土、砂土	1	1~1.5	—	7	—
上海(试验数据)^[1,3]	黏土	0.63~0.9	1.2~1.3	5.7~10.5	4.4~8.4	0.8~1.13
	淤泥质粉质黏土	1.06~1.1	1.2~1.3	12.4~13.6	9.3~11.6	1.23~1.3
	淤泥质黏土	0.85~0.9	1.08~1.1	8.2~10.2	7.8~9.4	0.91
	粉质黏土	0.87~1	0.9~1.08	3.9~7.2	4.3~6.7	0.87~0.96
上海(调整后的试验数据)^[2]	黏土	0.9	1.2	7	—	—
	淤泥质粉质黏土
	淤泥质黏土
	粉质黏土
上海(经验数据)^[2,11]	砂土	1	1	4	—	—
上海(经验数据)^[2,11]	黏土、砂土	—	0.83~1.43	—	4~9	0.9~1
北京(试验数据)^[5]	粉土	1.09	1.28	3.04	2.49	1.34
北京(试验数据)^[5]	粉质黏土	1.09	0.98	4.52	4.61	1.07
北京(调整后的试验数据)^[5]	粉质黏土	1	1~2	—	4~6	—
北京(经验数据)^[5,11]	砂土	1	1	—	3~5	—
北京(经验数据)^[5,11]	黏土、砂土	—	1~2	—	2~4	—
天津滨海软土(试验数据)^[4]	粉质黏土	2.11	0.7	—	2.1	1.56
	淤泥质黏土	1.94	1.7	—	2	1.28
	黏土	1.79	1.1	—	1.8	1.89
	粉质黏土	1.4	0.5	—	1.4	0.73
天津(经验数据)^[11]	黏土、砂土	—	0.67~1	—	5	1.5~2
不分地区的经验取值^[11]	黏土	1	1~2	—	3	—
不分地区的经验取值^[11]	砂土	1	1	—	3	—

Table 8 Rf values of soils in different regions

地区	土样	R_f
武汉(本次试验)	3粉质黏土	0.81
	4-1粉质黏土	0.82
	4-2粉土	0.79
	5-1粉砂	0.76
	5-2细砂	0.74
	5-3细砂	0.81
武汉(经验数据)^[7,8]	老黏性土、粉质黏土、砂土	0.9
上海(试验数据)^[1,3]	黏土	0.91~0.96
	淤泥质粉质黏土	0.58~0.68
	淤泥质黏土	0.54~0.72
	粉质黏土	0.89-~0.95
上海(调整后的试验数据)^[2]	黏土	0.9
	淤泥质粉质黏土	0.6
	淤泥质黏土	0.6
上海(经验数据)^[2]	粉细砂	0.9
北京(试验数据)^[5]	粉土	0.8~0.86
北京(试验数据)^[5]	粉质黏土	0.69~0.8
北京(调整后的试验数据)^[5]	黏土、粉土	0.9
北京(经验数据)^[5]	砂土	0.9
不分地区的经验取值^[11]	砂土	0.9

[1]	WANG Ya-lin, WU Yu-xin, ZHU Shi-jiang, ZHAO Shu-jun, XIA Dong. Effect of End Face Inclination Angles of Emitters on Local Head Loss in Drip Irrigation Pipes [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2025, 42(5): 138-146.
[2]	WANG Si-ying, TANG Hou-jia, HUANG Tao, QIAN Jun. Vibration Analysis of Large Scale Radial Gate Considering the Elasticity of Water Stop Structures [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2025, 42(3): 171-177.
[3]	WU Zhen-hui, WANG Meng, LIU Yang-yang, WU Bi, XIAO Yang, ZHANG Ke-ke. Predicting the Impact of Water Diversion Project from Yangtze River to Hanjiang River on Water Environment in the Water Source Area of Three Gorges Reservoir [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2025, 42(2): 194-203.
[4]	QIU Song-nan, LI Xiao-dong, ZHOU Peng-zhan. Strength Degradation Mechanism and Predictive Model of Piping Soils under Seepage Failure [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2025, 42(1): 186-193.
[5]	NIU Yun-gang, MA Feng-hai, WANG Qiong-yi. Deformation of Foundation Pit Retaining Piles in Footwall Zone Influenced by Normal Fault [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(9): 130-137.
[6]	LIANG Rui, QI Fang-xia, ZHOU Wen-hai, LI Sheng-rong, LOU Xiao-ming. Blasting Characteristics of Eccentric Uncoupled Charges under Different Damage Models [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(9): 98-105.
[7]	YANG Zhong-yong, LI Lin, SUN Shi-wei, ZHANG Yong, TANG Yan-ping, WANG Zi-yang, LIU Xin-jian, XU Yang. Abnormal Water Level Increase in the Valve Shaft of a Ship Lock Induced by High Density Currents in Impounded River [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(9): 79-85.
[8]	GAO Xue-ping, WEI Nan-jiang, LIU Yin-zhu. Hydraulic Characteristics at Side Outlet of Tunnel Elbow [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(7): 94-102.
[9]	LI Hai-tao, REN Guang-ming, FENG Chuan, TANG Yang, WANG Ting, WANG Liang. Load Bearing Characteristics of Micropile Group Foundation in Plateau Mountainous Area under Combined Vertical-Horizontal Loads [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(7): 139-147.
[10]	HAN Lei, LÜ Chun-wei, WANG Zheng-jun, ZHANG Shuai-kang, LI Yang. Influence of Pier Head Angle on Hydraulic Characteristics of Vertical Slot Fishway [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(6): 84-90.
[11]	ZHOU Ye-kai, QIN Peng, LI Jie-cheng, KUANG Yi, TIAN Lei, WU Shi-qi, XU Xin-yue. Wave Prevention and Energy Dissipation Effect of a New Type of Seawall Revetment Structure with Hyperbolic Arc Surface [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(4): 89-94.
[12]	ZHANG Jian, MA Jian-lin, WANG Qin-ke, SU Wei. Stability of Tunnel Anchorage of Long-span Suspension Bridge in Fractured Rock Interlayer [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(4): 149-156.
[13]	MA Peng-jie, WEI Kai, KANG Jing-wei, RUI Rui, CAI Zheng-qian, XIA Rong-ji. Mechanical Mechanism of Single Row of Micro Piles Strengthening Gently Inclined Long Fissured Soil Slope [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(3): 178-185.
[14]	LIU Yu-jiao, YU Ming-hui, HUANG Yu-yun, WU Hua-li. Impacts of the Poyang Lake Water Conservancy Hub Project on Hydrodynamic Process in Flood Period of Yangtze River and Poyang Lake [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(3): 9-15.
[15]	FAN Yong-feng, ZHAO Yang, SHI Xian-li, LU Zheng, YAO Hai-lin. Numerical Study on Shear Behavior of Geocell-Reinforced Layer Based on Direct Shear Test [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(2): 98-104.