State-of-Art and Prospect of Researches on Release and Diffusion of Phosphate Solid Wastes

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20231092

Abstract

Abstract:

The diffusion of leachates from phosphate solid wastes is a major source of contaminants. Based on the existing and increment of phosphate solid waste in China as well as its environmental impacts, this study reviews the current status of researches on phosphate solid waste accumulation in China focusing on the composition, diffusion, and migration of leachates from phosphate solid wastes. More stringent requirements for leaching experiments and the design of impermeable barriers are essential as the permeability coefficient of impermeable materials may increase due to high pollutant concentration in leachate, low pH value of phosphogypsum, and large overburden pressure. Current researches on leachate release and diffusion often fail to replicate actual landfill conditions. Future studies should integrate field-specific parameters such as ambient temperature, rainfall infiltration, and effective stress from overburden weight. Thermal-humid-mechanical (THM) leaching test apparatus is also recommended for multifield coupling investigation. This approach will provide a more comprehensive theoretical understanding of leachate prevention and control in phosphate waste landfills.

Key words: phosphate solid wastes, pollutants, release, diffusion, multi field coupling

CLC Number:

X751矿业工程

CHEN Xia, ZHOU Xian, DENG Shan-shan, PENG Zi-ling, FAN Ze-yu, GAO Zhuo-fan, LU Qi. State-of-Art and Prospect of Researches on Release and Diffusion of Phosphate Solid Wastes[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2025, 42(1): 64-73.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Regions of concentrated distribution of phosphate minerals

Fig.2 Evaluation grades of heavy metals in soils of reclamation areas in a phosphate mining area around Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province[12]

Fig.3 Reduction of pollutants with the decrease of water inflow[20]

Table 1 Soluble amount of phosphorus and fluorine in phosphorus slag powder

溶液pH值	可溶出量/(mg·L^-1)		溶出率/%
溶液pH值	P₂O₅	F	P₂O₅	F
7	1.08	64.1	1.50	47
13	0.44	84.9	0.61	62

Fig.4 Effect of pH value on the leaching concentration of phosphorus in phosphate mineral waste slag[21]

Fig.5 Structure of independently developed thermal-humid-mechanical leaching test device

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