碱激发稻壳灰地聚物固化粉土试验

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20240522

raybet体育在线院报 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 192-199.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20240522

碱激发稻壳灰地聚物固化粉土试验

徐宏¹(), 王旭²(), 陈伟¹, 张跃林¹, 李博汉¹

¹ 新疆工程学院土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐 830023
² 兰州交通大学土木工程学院,兰州 730070

收稿日期:2024-05-16 修回日期:2024-07-16 出版日期:2025-05-01 发布日期:2025-05-01
通信作者:
王旭(1965-),男,河南郑州人,教授,博士,博士生导师,从事岩土工程研究。E-mail:publicwang@163.com
作者简介:
徐宏(1995-),男,甘肃武威人,助教,硕士,研究方向为土体改良。E-mail:1640938244@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41662017); 大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410994015)

Experimental Study on Silt Stabilization Using Alkali-activated Rice Husk Ash Geopolymer

XU Hong¹(), WANG Xu²(), CHEN Wei¹, ZHANG Yue-lin¹, LI Bo-han¹

¹ School of Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi 830023, China
² School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2024-05-16 Revised:2024-07-16 Published:2025-05-01 Online:2025-05-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究碱激发RHA(稻壳灰)地聚物固化粉土的加固效果,拓宽非传统胶结材料在路基工程中的应用领域,本研究采用NaOH作为激发剂,与RHA协同固化粉土,通过击实试验、无侧限压缩试验、崩解试验、X射线衍射、SEM试验等,系统评价了碱激发RHA对粉土物理力学性质的影响,得出最佳激发剂浓度和RHA掺量及工程特性。结果表明,掺入稻壳灰与氢氧化钠后,稻壳灰可以填充粉土中较大颗粒间的空隙,而氢氧化钠可以激发稻壳灰活性,进而形成更多胶结产物硅酸盐胶,形成更紧密的空间网络结构,展现出更好的致密性和力学性能,碱激发RHA能显著提升粉土的抗压强度与抗崩解性,其中以10% NaOH激发剂浓度和7.5% RHA掺量下效果最佳,无侧限抗压强度增大至1.501倍。碱激发RHA地聚物可以显著提高粉土的力学性能与水稳定性,成果可为粉土地区基础建设及固废综合利用提供新思路。

关键词: 粉土, 稻壳灰, 碱激发, 土体固化, 强度, 崩解

Abstract:

[Objective] To address the need for improving the mechanical properties and water stability of silt subgrade, this study takes silt stabilized with alkali-activated rice husk ash (RHA) geopolymer as study object and investigates its reinforcement mechanisms and engineering applicability, aiming to determine the optimal combination of activator concentration and RHA dosage.[Methods] NaOH solution and RHA were used synergistically to stabilize silt. Mix proportions were optimized through compaction tests, and macro-mechanical properties were evaluated via unconfined compressive strength tests and disintegration tests. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the composition of hydration products, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to characterize the microstructural evolution, systematically revealing the “activation-cementation-strengthening” mechanism.[Results] The results showed that micron-sized RHA particles effectively filled the pores of the silt, while NaOH activated RHA to generate silicate gels, leading to a denser spatial network structure. Mechanical properties were significantly improved: at a NaOH concentration of 10% and an RHA dosage of 7.5%, the unconfined compressive strength reached 1.501 times that of the control group, and disintegration resistance was remarkably enhanced. The micro-macro performance indicated that the interfacial bonding strength of cementitious products is the main controlling factor for the improvements of compressive strength and disintegration resistance.[Conclusion] The alkali-activated RHA geopolymer achieves coordinated improvement of the mechanical properties and water stability of silt through the combined effects of physical filling and chemical cementation. The optimal mix proportion (10% NaOH+7.5% RHA) provides a low-carbon solution for silt subgrade reinforcement and promotes the resource utilization of solid waste (RHA), demonstrating notable engineering, economic, and environmental benefits.

Key words: silt, rice husk ash, alkali activation, soil stabilization, strength, disintegration

中图分类号:

TU472.5

徐宏, 王旭, 陈伟, 张跃林, 李博汉. 碱激发稻壳灰地聚物固化粉土试验[J]. raybet体育在线院报, 2025, 42(5): 192-199.

XU Hong, WANG Xu, CHEN Wei, ZHANG Yue-lin, LI Bo-han. Experimental Study on Silt Stabilization Using Alkali-activated Rice Husk Ash Geopolymer[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2025, 42(5): 192-199.

图/表 12

图1 土颗粒级配曲线

Fig.1 Particle size distribu-tion curve of soil

表1 稻壳灰主要化学成分及含量

Table 1 Main chemical components and contents of RHA %

MgO	SiO₂	P₂O₅	SO₃	K₂O	CaO
0.7	89.16	1.49	0.38	4.87	1.45

图2 稻壳灰粒度分布曲线

Fig.2 Particle size distribution curve of RHA

图3 稻壳灰电镜扫描

Fig.3 Scanning electron microscope image of RHA

表2 试验方案

Table 2 Experimental schemes

序号	测试内容	掺量	养护龄期/d
1	UCS	0%RHA+0%NaOH	7
2		5%RHA+0%NaOH
3		7.5%RHA+0%NaOH
4		10%RHA+0%NaOH
5		5%RHA+5%NaOH
6		7.5%RHA+5%NaOH
7		10%RHA+5%NaOH
8		5%RHA+10%NaOH
9		7.5%RHA+10%NaOH
10		10%RHA+10%NaOH
11		5%RHA+15%NaOH
12		7.5%RHA+15%NaOH
13		10%RHA+15%NaOH

图4 崩解试验装置

Fig.4 Disintegration test apparatus

图5 含水率与干密度的关系曲线

Fig.5 Relationship curves between water content and dry density

图6 无侧限抗压试验结果

Fig.6 Results of unconfined compressive strength tests

图7 崩解曲线

Fig.7 Disintegration curves

图8 电镜扫描图像

Fig.8 Scanning electron microscope images

图9 土样孔隙单元体形态分布分维数

Fig.9 Fractal dimension distribution of pore unit morphology in soil samples

图10 XRD 试验结果

Fig.10 XRD test results

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碱激发稻壳灰地聚物固化粉土试验

Experimental Study on Silt Stabilization Using Alkali-activated Rice Husk Ash Geopolymer

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