Atmospheric disturbance effect is one of the major factors which affect the measurement precision of system of ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR). It is closely relevant to the changes of atmospheric environment, and it varies with time and space. By analyzing spatial-temporal variation characteristics of error of atmospheric disturbance, we introduce function of quadric surface to establish a distribution model for atmospheric disturbance. Moreover,we use ground control points to obtain parameters of the model and to estimate the error at any position of overall testing area. Results suggest that the error of atmospheric disturbance is reduced and the accuracy of GBSAR measured data is improved by using this model.