To scientifically utilize local raw materials for the roller compacted concrete (RCC) of a large hydropower dam project, we conducted performance test on RCC prepared with local raw materials (ordinary Portland cement, artificial granite aggregate, and grade II fly ash), and compared the mixture properties, physical and mechanical performances, deformation, durability, and adiabatic temperature rise between the RCCs of the present project and Longtan hydropower project. On such basis, we further investigated the influences of raw materials on RCC performance. Results unveil that local raw materials can be used to prepare RCC that meets the requirements of design specification. The mixture property of RCC is mainly affected by water consumption for normal consistency of cement, particle gradation and water absorption of aggregate. The physical and mechanical properties, deformation, and durability of RCC are controlled by comprehensive factors inclusive of cement type, fly ash type and dosage, CaO content and loss on ignition in fly ash, as well as aggregate strength. The adiabatic temperature rise of RCC mainly depends on the type of cement, hydration heat, and cement consumption. The lower the heat value of cement hydration and the less the amount of cement consumption, the smaller the adiabatic temperature rise of RCC. According to the research results, we put forward suggestions for the rational selection of local materials for RCC dam.