The aim of this research is to optimize the foundation reinforcement of a large bulk cargo wharf storage yard on the right bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. With reference to the Code for Design of Water Transport Engineering Foundation (JTS 147—2017), the treatment scheme comprehensively considers the geological conditions of the project area, the foundation load of the belt conveyor corridor, the bearing capacity of the bulk cargo stockpiling area and the requirements of settlement and displacement of foundation treatment. PHC(Prestressed High-intensity Concrete) pipe method and CFG(Cement Fly-ash Gravel) pile method were adopted for comparison for the foundation treatment between two pit belt conveyor corridors (area A), and cement soil mixing pile method and gravel pile method for other areas (area B). Geotechnical software GEO5 was used to calculate the foundation deformation (settlement and horizontal displacement) in different operating conditions (full load and partial load) under different combinations of the above four treatment methods. With the engineering economy and construction period taken into consideration, an optimal scheme with CFG pile for area A and gravel pile method for area B was determined. After the optimal scheme was adopted for foundation treatment, the foundation settlement in area A is less than 100 mm, and the horizontal displacement smaller than 10 mm,which meets the requirements of Code for Design of Building Foundation(GB 50007—2011); the maximum foundation settlement of area B is 458.6 mm, and the maximum horizontal displacement 102.6 mm, which fulfills the requirements of Design Code of Road and Storage Yard for Port Area (JTS 168—2017). The research result provides a reliable basis for optimizing the design scheme of foundation treatment of storage yard in large bulk cargo wharf.