河流潜流交换时空变化的响应机理及识别方法研究进展

吴光东; 张潇; 朱苏葛; 宋权; 李云良; 鲁程鹏

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20240067

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raybet体育在线院报 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9) : 42-50. DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20240067

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河流潜流交换时空变化的响应机理及识别方法研究进展

吴光东 ¹^,²^,³ ,
张潇 ⁴ ,
朱苏葛 ¹^,² ,
宋权 ¹^,² ,
李云良 ⁵ ,
鲁程鹏 ³

作者信息 +

Advances in Response Mechanisms and Identification Methods of Spatiotemporal Variations in Hyporheic Exchange in Rivers

WU Guang-dong ¹^,²^,³ ,
ZHANG Xiao ⁴ ,
ZHU Su-ge ¹^,² ,
SONG Quan ¹^,² ,
LI Yun-liang ⁵ ,
LU Cheng-peng ³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

潜流交换具有复杂的时空变异性,对河流生态功能维持、发挥和提升至关重要,然而目前学术界对潜流交换时空变化的响应机理仍缺乏系统和全面的认识。为深刻理解水热条件对潜流交换时空变化的影响,基于笔者多年实践经验,并结合已有文献,分别从水力学和热力学的视角,剖析潜流交换时空变异性的复杂响应机理,并提出能够提升潜流交换估算准确度的实践框架。研究发现,水文节律通过改变水头差驱动潜流交换动态变化,河流地形地貌、河床非均质性基于水头差空间分布,决定潜流交换空间变化,而日温剧烈变化和冻融循环则在时间和空间2个维度上影响潜流交换的时空变化;由于各驱动因子的非稳态变化及其耦合作用,潜流交换时空变异规律难以准确把握。针对潜流交换变异性大及目前潜流交换单个方法存在估算不准确、空间尺度不匹配等诸多局限性,提出了基于水力学方法、示踪方法、数值模拟的估算框架。研究成果可以为深入理解地下水水文学、完善基于潜流交换的河湖生态系统修复方案提供有价值的参考。

Abstract

[Objective] This study aims to reveal the influence mechanisms of hydrothermal conditions on the spatiotemporal variability of hyporheic exchange and to develop more reliable estimation methods. We acknowledge the limitations of single methods and innovatively propose an estimation framework for hyporheic exchange that integrates hydraulic methods, environmental tracer methods, and numerical simulation technologies. The proposed method is expected to address the insufficient accuracy and scale mismatch in existing estimation methods and to enhance the capacity to quantify highly variable hyporheic exchange fluxes. [Methods] First, based on years of practical experiences, and combined with a systematic review and critical analysis of existing literature, we deeply analyze the intrinsic driving mechanisms of the spatiotemporal variability of hyporheic exchange from two core perspectives: hydraulics and thermodynamics. Second, we propose an integrated multi-method estimation framework to improve the accuracy and robustness of the estimation results. [Results] The mechanisms by which hydrothermal conditions drive the spatiotemporal variability of hyporheic exchange are summarized as follows.(1) Hydrological rhythm: the dynamic variations in river water level and discharge alter the hydraulic head difference between river water and groundwater, serving as the primary driver of the temporal changes in the rate and direction of hyporheic exchange.(2) Topography, geomorphology, and bed heterogeneity: local topographic features of rivers and lakes (such as sand bars, pools, and point bars) and the spatial heterogeneity of riverbed sediments shape the spatial distribution pattern of hydraulic head differences, which is the fundamental cause of significant spatial variations in hyporheic exchange.(3) Temperature variation: strong daily temperature differences can generate significant thermal gradients within riverbed sediments, inducing rapid flows and shaping the diurnal variation patterns of hyporheic exchange.(4) Seasonal freezing and thawing processes substantially alter the spatial structural characteristics of riverbed permeability, profoundly affecting both the intensity and spatial extent of hyporheic exchange at seasonal and spatial scales. These driving factors are often in a state of nonstationary variations and exhibit complex couplings. Collectively, their combined effects make the spatiotemporal variation patterns of the hyporheic exchange difficult to be accurately captured or predicted by simple methods. [Conclusion] This study systematically elucidates the mechanisms by which hydrothermal conditions jointly influence the complex spatiotemporal variations of hyporheic exchange through hydraulic and thermodynamic processes. It deepens the understanding of surface water-groundwater interactions, providing a theoretical basis and practical guidance for developing more accurate watershed hydrological models, assessing the health of river ecosystems, and formulating science-based ecological restoration strategies for rivers and lakes.

导出引用

吴光东, 张潇, 朱苏葛, 等. 河流潜流交换时空变化的响应机理及识别方法研究进展[J]. raybet体育在线院报. 2025, 42(9): 42-50 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20240067

WU Guang-dong, ZHANG Xiao, ZHU Su-ge, et al. Advances in Response Mechanisms and Identification Methods of Spatiotemporal Variations in Hyporheic Exchange in Rivers[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute. 2025, 42(9): 42-50 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20240067

中图分类号： TV11 TV131 (水力理论、计算、实验)

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Expansion and contraction of the hyporheic zone due to temporal hydrologic changes between stream and riparian aquifer influence the biogeochemical cycling capacity of streams. Theoretical studies have quantified the control of groundwater discharge on the depth of the hyporheic zone; however, observations of temporal groundwater controls are limited. In this study, we develop the concept of groundwater-dominated differential hyporheic zone expansion to explain the temporal control of groundwater discharge on the hyporheic zone in a third-order stream reach flowing through glacially derived terrain typical of the Great Lakes region. We define groundwater-dominated differential expansion of the hyporheic zone as: differing rates and magnitudes of hyporheic zone expansion in response to seasonal vs. storm-related water table fluctuation. Specific conductance and vertical hydraulic gradient measurements were used to map changes in the hyporheic zone during seasonal water table decline and storm events. Planar and riffle beds were monitored in order to distinguish the cause of increasing hyporheic zone depth. Planar bed seasonal expansion of the hyporheic zone was of a greater magnitude and longer in duration (weeks to months) than storm event expansion (hours to days). In contrast, the hyporheic zone beneath the riffle bed exhibited minimal expansion in response to seasonal groundwater decline compared to storm related expansion. Results indicated that fluctuation in the riparian water table controlled seasonal expansion of the hyporheic zone along the planar bed. This groundwater induced hyporheic zone expansion could increase the potential for biogeochemical cycling and natural attenuation. © 2015, National Ground Water Association.

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The spatial and temporal variability of riverbed vertical hydraulic conductivity (K(v)) was investigated at a site of induced infiltration, associated with a municipal well field, to assess the impact of high-stage events on scour and subsequently the riverbed K(v). Such impacts are important when considering the potential loss of riverbank filtration capacity due to storm events. The study site, in and along the Great Miami River in southwest Ohio, overlaid a highly productive glacial-outwash aquifer. A three-layer model for this system was conceptualized: a top layer of transient sediment, a second layer comprising large sediment resistant to scour, but clogged with finer sediment (the armor/colmation layer), and a third layer that was transitional to the underlying higher-K(v) aquifer. One location was studied in detail to confirm and quantify the conceptual model. Methods included seepage meters, heat-flow modeling, grain-size analyses, laboratory permeameter tests, slug tests and the use of scour chains and pressure-load cells to directly measure the amount of sediment scour and re-deposition. Seepage meter measured riverbed K(v) ranged from 0.017 to 1.7 m/d with a geometric mean of 0.19 m/d. Heat-transport model-calibrated estimates were even lower, ranging from 0.0061 to 0.046 m/d with a mean of 0.017 m/d. The relatively low K(v) was indicative of the clogged armor layer. In contrast, slug tests in the underlying riverbed sediment yielded K(v) values an order of magnitude greater. There was a linear relationship between scour chain measured scour and event intensity with a maximum scour of only 0.098 m. Load-cell pressure sensor data over a 7-month period indicated a total sediment-height fluctuation of 0.42 m and a maximum storm-event scour of 0.28 m. Scour data indicated that the assumed armor/colmation layer almost always remained intact. Based on measured layer conductivities and thicknesses, the overall K(v) of this conceptualized system was 1.6 m/d. Sensitivity analyses indicated that even complete scour of the armor/colmation layer would likely increase the overall K(v) only by a factor of 1.5. Most scour events observed removed only the transient sediment, having very little effect on the entire system indicating low risk of losing filtration capacity during storms. The research, however, focused on the point bar, depositional side of the river. More research of the entire river profile is necessary.Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Si-mei

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https://doi.org/10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.02.002

摘要

本文依托国家自然科学基金青年项目“河水温度对干旱区宽浅型河床渗透系数影响的定量研究”,并梳理了其他相关研究,总结了中国西北干旱区间歇性河流与含水层水量交换研究所面临的基础科学问题及当前所取得的研究进展。主要结论为：以宽浅型沙质河床为基本特征的西北干旱区内陆河流域下游河流,其河床每年经历数次干湿交替与冻融过程。受河水温度与河流水动力条件的影响,河床作为河流与含水层相互作用的重要界面,其渗透性能具有高度时空变异性,已成为河水与地下水水量交换研究的难点与热点。分析指出,在环境变化和当前交叉学科迅猛发展的背景下,以河流与含水层相互作用为核心的潜流带水文学发展面临新的机遇与挑战。

(WANG

Ping

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https://doi.org/10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.02.002

本文引用 [7] 摘要

Incorporating the research results of the the National Natural Science Foundation supported project "Quantifying the effect of river water temperature on riverbed hydraulic conductivity of broad-shallow rivers in the arid area" (No. 41301025), this article summarizes the basic scientific issues and the current research progress in the field of water exchange between intermittent rivers and aquifers in arid areas of northwestern China. Riverbed at the lower reaches of rivers in the arid regions of northwestern China is shallow, wide, and sandy. Such riverbed experiences several dry/wet alternations and freezing-thawing process each year. Due to the influence of river temperature and river flow conditions, the riverbed as an important interface of river-aquifer systems exerts significant temporal and spatial variability, which has become a key issue in understanding surface water and groundwater exchange. Hyporheic zone hydrology, which focuses on river-aquifer interaction, is facing new opportunities and challenges under the current changing environment and rapidly developing interdisciplinary research.

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