院报 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 67-72.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20210893

• 水环境与水生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于GIS的青海湖流域水生态功能分区

陈治荣1, 曹广超2,3,4, 陈克龙2,3,4, 马元希2,3,4, 王欣烨2,3,4   

  1. 1.宁夏师范学院 资源环境与生命科学学院,宁夏 固原 755100;
    2.青海师范大学 地理科学学院,西宁 810008;
    3.青海师范大学 青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,西宁 810008;
    4.青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室,西宁 810008
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-24 修回日期:2021-11-18 出版日期:2023-01-01 发布日期:2023-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 陈克龙(1965-),男,安徽无为人,教授,硕士,研究方向为生物地理学、湿地生态学。E-mail:ckl7813@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈治荣(1989-),男,宁夏中宁人,博士,研究方向为水文过程模拟。E-mail:424142312@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室自由探索研究项目(TGEZT-2021-05);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0405);青海省创新平台建设专项青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室项目(2020-ZJ-Y06)

Water Ecological Functional Zoning of the Qinghai Lake Basin Based on GIS

CHEN Zhi-rong1, CAO Guang-chao2,3,4, CHEN Ke-long2,3,4, MA Yuan-xi2,3,4, WANG Xin-ye2,3,4   

  1. 1. College of Resources Environment and Life Sciences,Ningxia Normal University,Guyuan 755100, China;
    2. College of Geography,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process of Qinghai Province,Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008,China;
    4. Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Ecological Conservation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Ministry of Education,Xining 810008,China
  • Received:2021-08-24 Revised:2021-11-18 Online:2023-01-01 Published:2023-02-24

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摘要： 湖泊型水生态功能分区是以流域数字高程模型(DEM)为底图,通过水文分析划分出目标流域的自然水文单元和水系,借助流域综合调查资料确定水生态功能分区,也是地学分区面向生态环境领域的发展和应用。基于GIS技术,将研究区7大主要河流水系图、DEM、生态系统服务价值总量图、归一化植被指数(NDVI)图、土地利用类型图等进行统一处理为栅格单元相同的栅格图,使用GS+软件计算各指标要素的空间自相关距离,从而得到各因子之间的空间自相关距离,确定青海湖流域水生态功能一二级分区主导指标和影响指标,运用ArcGIS 10.0软件中的空间叠加法对选定的指标栅格图进行模糊叠加,修正分区边界,确定青海湖流域水生态功能一级分区为8个。以青海湖流域水生态功能一级分区图为底图,在一级分区的基础上确定青海湖流域水生态功能二级分区为27个。青海湖流域水生态功能一、二级分区有助于丰富青海湖流域分异规律研究,为青海湖国家公园的建设提供理论与方法指导。

关键词: 水生态功能分区, GS+, ArcGIS, 青海湖流域

Abstract: The water ecological functional zoning for lakes is the development and application of geological zoning in the field of ecological environment.With the DEM(Digital Elevation Model) of watershed as a basis,the natural hydrological units and water systems of the target basin can be divided via hydrological analysis,and then the water ecological functional zoning can be determined in association with comprehensive investigation data of the basin.In this research,the maps of seven major rivers in the Qinghai Lake basin were processed by using GIS technology into grid maps of the same grid units.Such maps cover the water system,DEM,total value of ecosystem services,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),and land use types.The spatial autocorrelation distance of each index element was calculated using GS + software so as to obtain the dominant indices and impact factors of first-level and secondary zones of water ecological function in the Qinghai Lake basin.The grid maps of selected indicators were processed by the spatial overlay of ArcGIS 10.0 software to modify the boundaries of the zones.Finally we determined eight first-level water ecological functional zones and 27 secondary zones in the Qinghai Lake basin.The zoning of the primary and secondary water ecological functions is helpful to enrich the study of the differentiation of the Qinghai Lake basin and provide theoretical and methodological guidance for the construction of Qinghai Lake National Park.

Key words: water ecological function zoning, GS+, ArcGIS, Qinghai Lake watershed

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