为了对滇中引水工程水资源进行科学调度和合理配置,开展滇中引水工程受水区降水时空分布研究。基于受水区内8个雨量站的60 a降水数据,采用云模型、Mann-Kendall检验、小波分析和协同克里金插值法探究受水区降水序列的时空分布特征。结果表明:年内降水量主要集中在6—8月,12月至次年2月降水量少;夏季降水时间分布不均匀,且8月份稳定性最差,冬季降水量小但降水均匀。年际降水量以9.92 mm/(10 a)减少,年降水量存在突变性和周期性波动,突变点集中在1982—1992年,在研究时段内降水量经历了3个周期的丰-枯变化;降水量在空间上分布不均匀,春、夏和秋季降水量在空间上呈现出“南多北少、西多东少”,而冬季降水空间分布规律较差。 综上所述,滇中引水工程受水区应当注意防汛抗旱、监测区域泥石流以及预防夏季干旱。

Studying the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the water receiving area of the water diversion project in central Yunnan Province is conducive to the scientific regulation and rational allocation of regional water resources. Based on the six-decade precipitation data of eight rainfall stations in the water receiving area, we investigated into the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of precipitation in the area by using cloud model, Mann-Kendall test, wavelet analysis and collaborative Kriging interpolation method. The period from each June to August saw concentrated precipitation within the year, while from December to next February, precipitation was much less. The precipitation was unevenly distributed in summer and had the worst stability in August.The precipitation was even and small in winter. In addition, the annual precipitation decreased with a rate of 9.92 mm/10a which had abrupt changes and periodic fluctuations. The abrupt change points were concentrated between 1982 and 1992. And the precipitation experienced three cycles of wet-dry changes in the study period. The precipitation was also unevenly distributed in space. In spring, summer and autumn, precipitation in the south and the west was greater than those in the north and in the east, whereas in winter, the spatial distribution of precipitation was less regular. In summary, attentions should be paid to the flood prevention and drought relief in the water receiving area, the regional debris flows monitoring, and the prevention of summer drought.