滑坡物理模型试验过程中采用的加载方式常与所模拟的滑坡原型相关,为了准确模拟推移式滑坡的变形破坏过程,采取在模型坡体后缘施加推力的方式进行加载。为验证该方法的可行性,以简化的刚性滑块为例,将推力加载方法与模型试验中常用的倾斜模型加载方法进行对比分析。结果表明推力加载方法与倾斜模型加载方法相同,均可连续地改变安全系数。为研究整个坡体在后缘施加推力后其坡体内部的应力应变场与推移式滑坡的相似性,分别进行了数值模拟试验与滑坡物理模型试验。试验结果表明,滑坡体随着坡体后缘推力的增大,其剪切破坏逐渐由后缘向前缘发展,直至剪切面贯通发生滑动失稳,其变形破坏特征与推移式滑坡特征基本吻合,验证了后缘施加推力的方法模拟推移式滑坡变形破坏过程的可行性。
Abstract
The method of loading in landslide physical model test is often related with the prototype. In this research we applied driving force at the back of the slope model to simulate the deformation failure of landslide caused by thrust load. To verify the feasibility of this method, we took simplified rigid slip mass for example and analysed the driving force loading and the inclined loading which are commonly used in model test for comparison. Results show that the back force loading could also change the anti-sliding safety factor of rigid slip mass continuously. Furthermore, we conducted numerical simulation and physical model test to research the stress field and strain field of the slope model subjected to back force already. Results reveal that as the force applied at the back of the slope model increases, the shear failure of slope expands gradually from the back of the slope model to the front until the shear plane penetrates through the slope and the slope begins to slip. This failure process is consistent with the failure process of landslide caused by thrust load. The method of loading driving force is verified to be feasible in the simulation of landslide caused by thrust load.
关键词
推移式滑坡 /
模型试验 /
数值模拟 /
推力加载
Key words
landslide caused by thrust load /
model test /
numerical simulation /
driving force loading
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基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目 (2011CB710604);中国地质大学(武汉)教学实验室开放基金(SKJ2012139)
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