院报 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 40-45.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2013.08.0;2013,30(08)

• 施工导截流 • 上一篇    下一篇

陡坡隧洞明满交替流成因及改善措施

李学海1,李蘅2,石教豪1   

  1. 1. 水力学研究所,武汉430010;
    2.长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司施工处,武汉430010
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-03 修回日期:2013-08-13 出版日期:2013-08-13 发布日期:2013-08-13
  • 作者简介:李学海(1966-),男,湖南宁乡人,教授级高级工程师,博士,主要从事水力学及流态力学方面的研究,(电话)027-82829903(电子信箱)65689@sina.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(51279014)

Causes and Control Measures of MixedFree-Surface-Pressure Flow in Steep-Grade Tunnel

LI Xue-hai1, LI Heng2, SHI Jiao-hao1   

  1. 1.Hydraulics Department, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China;
    2.Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research,Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan 430010, China
  • Received:2013-05-03 Revised:2013-08-13 Online:2013-08-13 Published:2013-08-13

摘要: 山区河道陡坡隧洞易于形成的明满交替流,会对隧洞产生空化空蚀、振动、冲击破坏。基于陡坡隧洞的模型试验研究成果,对陡坡隧洞明满交替流的影响因素及其改善措施进行了研究。分析了明满交替流形成的主要影响因素,包括洞前相对淹没深度H/a、隧洞体型(包括隧洞底坡、进口顶部体型、洞高、洞长、是否有转弯段、闸门井等)、进口引渠布置以及由上述因素形成的吸气漩涡、闸门井吸气影响等。综合考虑工程地形、地质、工程运用要求以及安全经济等因素,可采取消涡措施、消除闸门井吸气措施、隧洞进口顶部体型优化与选择以及洞高和洞长优化等措施,改善陡坡隧洞的明满交替流现象。

关键词: 陡坡隧洞, 影响因素, 形成机理, 改善措施

Abstract: The mixed free-surface-pressure flow which is easily formed in steep-grade tunnels results in cavitation erosion, vibration and impact damage. On the basis of model test data of steep-grade tunnels, the influencing factors and the control measures of mixed free-surface-pressure flow in steep-grade tunnel is researched. It’s found that the main influencing factors include relative submerge depth H/a, tunnel shape (bottom slope, inlet top shape, tunnel height, tunnel length, bending section, gate shaft), inlet approach channel arrangement and the consequent air suction swirl and air intake in the gate shaft. According to the terrain condition, geological condition, project function, operation safety and economic factor, measures as follows can be adopted to control the mixed free-surface-pressure flow in steep-grade tunnel vortex suppression, air intake suppression in gate shaft, and optimization of inlet top shape, tunnel height and tunnel length.

Key words: steep-grade tunnel, influencing factor, mechanism of formation, control measures

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