典型降雨事件下流域磷流失特征与影响因素

刘晓荣; 杜新忠; 刘新茹; 韩玉国; 安妙颖; 雷秋良; 刘宏斌

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20240132

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raybet体育在线院报 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5) : 81-87. DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20240132

水环境与水生态

典型降雨事件下流域磷流失特征与影响因素

刘晓荣 ¹ ,
杜新忠 ² ,
刘新茹 ² ,
韩玉国 ¹ ,
安妙颖 ² ,
雷秋良 ² ,
刘宏斌 ²

作者信息 +

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Phosphorus Loss in Watersheds during Typical Rainfall Events

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为了解典型降雨事件下流域磷流失特征及其影响因素,于2022年和2023年汛期,在流域出口监测了5场不同强度的降雨事件,共采集样品265个并测定总磷(TP)、总溶解态磷(DP)、颗粒态磷(PP)浓度,分析不同降雨事件中磷浓度输出过程和影响因素,结合滞后分析揭示磷流失水文过程。结果表明:①不同类型降雨事件中TP、PP浓度与流量变化趋势一致。②降雨总量、降雨历时,洪峰流量、最大30 min降雨强度与磷浓度之间呈正相关,前期降雨指数与磷浓度呈负相关。③降雨过程中流失的磷以颗粒态为主,占比67%~93%。④TP、PP和DP浓度与流量之间没有统一的滞后效应;TP和PP的滞后效应一致,流域磷来自地表径流。

Abstract

[Objective] Surface runoff and soil erosion during rainfall events are the main drivers of phosphorus (P) loss in watersheds, particularly during the rainy season when a few key heavy rainfall events can dominate annual phosphorus load outputs. However, the characteristics of phosphorus loss, influencing factors, and lag effects during different intensities of typical rainfall events in the rainy season remain to be further explored. This study aims to understand the characteristics and influencing factors of phosphorus loss under various magnitudes of typical rainfall events and to analyze the phosphorus loss process during dominant rainfall events. [Methods] During the 2022 and 2023 rainy seasons, five rainfall events (E1-E5) of varying intensities were monitored at the outlet of the Fengyu River sub-watershed, a typical agricultural watershed in the Erhai Lake Basin, Yunnan Province. The rainfall types for events E1-E5 were moderate rain, light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, and heavy rain. A total of 265 water samples were collected to determine three forms of phosphorus: total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved phosphorus (DP), and particulate phosphorus (PP). Redundancy analysis was used to explore the relationships between phosphorus concentrations/loads and rainfall-runoff characteristics, identifying the key factors influencing phosphorus output and its process. Lag analysis was applied to reveal the hydrological processes behind phosphorus loss. [Results] The results indicated that: (1) The trends of TP and PP concentrations were consistent with flow changes across different types of rainfall events. (2) Total rainfall, rainfall duration, peak flow, and maximum 30-minute rainfall intensity were positively correlated with phosphorus concentrations, while antecedent rainfall index was negatively correlated. (3) Particulate phosphorus dominated the phosphorus loss during rainfall events, accounting for 67%-93% of the total. (4) There was no uniform lag effect between TP, PP, and DP concentrations and discharge. TP and PP shared similar lag effects, indicating that phosphorus primarily originated from surface runoff. [Conclusion] Changes in phosphorus concentrations during rainfall events are influenced by rainfall magnitude, intensity, and antecedent soil conditions. Concentrations and loads of all phosphorus forms were strongly correlated with rainfall duration, total rainfall, peak flow, and 30-minute maximum intensity (I30). The relationship between nutrient concentration and discharge is jointly determined by total rainfall, rainfall duration, antecedent conditions, and hydrological regime. By identifying the characteristics of phosphorus output under various rainfall events during the rainy season, this study provides insights into phosphorus load contributions and supports the control of phosphorus pollution and eutrophication in watershed water bodies.

导出引用

刘晓荣, 杜新忠, 刘新茹, 等. 典型降雨事件下流域磷流失特征与影响因素[J]. raybet体育在线院报. 2025, 42(5): 81-87 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20240132

LIU Xiao-rong, DU Xin-zhong, LIU Xin-ru, et al. Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Phosphorus Loss in Watersheds during Typical Rainfall Events[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute. 2025, 42(5): 81-87 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20240132

中图分类号： X52 (水体污染及其防治)

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