作为京、津、冀、豫4省市重要水源,南水北调中线工程水质安全对于工程的稳定运行和优化管理十分重要。为掌握总干渠的水质状况和时空分异规律,对南水北调中线干渠25个断面的9个水质指标变化情况进行分析,运用主成分分析和聚类分析相结合的方法,识别主干渠主要水质指标成分,甄别各断面水质变化相似性特征,并开展水质评价与分区,为中线水质保护和管理提供决策参考和优化建议。研究结果表明,主成分分析将9项水质指标降维到4项,前4个主成分能够解释80.23%的原始环境信息,重点关注中线工程耗氧程度和酸化趋势。聚类分析将中线总干渠划分为4类水质管理区段,通过比较各段水质指标差异,识别出各分类渠段关键性水质指标,针对渠段特性进行水质时空分异规律分析。研究成果可为中线水质保护和管理提供理论依据。
Abstract
The middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) is an important water source for Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei Province and Henan Province.Water quality safety is of essential importance for the stable operation and optimal management of the project.The changes of nine water quality indicators in 25 cross-sections of the main canal of the middle route of SNWDP were analyzed to investigate the water quality condition and spatiotemporal variation characteristics of the main canal.The major water quality indicators were identified,and the similarity of water quality changes among cross sections was discriminated via principal component analysis and cluster analysis.Evaluation and zoning of water quality was also carried out to provide decision-making reference and optimization suggestions for water quality protection and management.The nine water quality indicators were reduced to four by the principal component analysis,and the first four principal components could reflect 80.23% of the original environmental information,of which the degree of oxygen consumption and acidification trend should be paid special attentions.Moreover,the main canal was divided into four segments by cluster analysis.By comparing the differences in water quality indicators among each segment,the key water quality indicators in each segment were identified.The research findings offer a theoretical basis for the protection and management of water quality in the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project.
关键词
南水北调中线工程 /
主成分分析 /
聚类分析 /
水质分区 /
时空分异特征
Key words
middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project /
principal component analysis /
cluster analysis /
categories of water quality indexes /
spatiotemporal variation characteritics
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基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51909009);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2019498/SH,CKSF2019198/SH)
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