为了评价“退耕还林(草)”等生态工程实施以来陕西省不同地貌类型区的植被覆盖变化,基于2000—2017年MODIS数据,采用像元二分模型估算了陕西省植被覆盖度,研究了不同地貌分区植被覆盖度时空变化及其影响因素。结果表明:①18 a来,陕西省植被覆盖度整体呈增加趋势,其中风沙过渡区、黄土高原区增加幅度较大,秦岭山地、汉江盆地与大巴山地增幅较小,关中平原则呈减少趋势。②全省38.88%的区域植被显著改善, 8.49%的区域植被显著退化,黄土高原区为主要改善区,关中平原区及其它地貌类型区的城市周围植被退化。③降水与气温对植被覆盖的影响存在空间差异,黄土高原区植被覆盖度与降水和气温分别以正相关和负相关为主,秦巴山地高海拔地区则均以负相关为主。④相对于地势低缓区域,地势高陡区域植被覆盖度更高,阴坡植被覆盖度较其它坡向高。研究结果将为陕西省生态环境保护分区实施提供科学依据。
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes of vegetation coverage in different landform types in Shaanxi Province since the implementation of ecological projects such as returning farmland to forest or grass. The vegetation coverage of Shaanxi Province was estimated by using the pixel binary model based on the MODIS data from 2000 to 2017. According to the geomorphic division, the spatial and temporal variation of vegetation coverage and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results showed that: 1) Over the past 18 years, the vegetation coverage in Shaanxi Province had an overall increasing trend. The coverage was lower in the wind and sand transition zone and the loess Plateau yet presenting a significant upward trend, while high and stable in the Qinling mountains, Hanjiang Basin and Daba Mountains. The coverage had a downward trend in the Guanzhong Plain. 2) Vegetation coverage in 38.88% of the province boosted significantly, mainly in the Loess Plateau, whereas decreased significantly in 8.49% of the province, mainly around the cities in the Guanzhong Plain and other landform types. 3) The effects of precipitation and temperature on vegetation coverage vary in different landform types. Vegetation coverage in the Loess Plateau was mainly positively and negatively correlated with precipitation and temperature, respectively, while negatively correlated in high altitude areas of Qinling-Daba Mountains. 4) The vegetation coverage was lower in the area with elevation less than 500 m and slope less than 8°, and the vegetation coverage was higher in the area with elevation above 1 500 m and slope above 15°. The research results will offer scientific basis for partition implementation of ecological and environmental protection in Shaanxi Province.
关键词
陕西省 /
植被覆盖度 /
气象因子 /
地形因子 /
人类活动
Key words
Shaanxi Province /
vegetation coverage /
meteorological factors /
topographic factors /
human activities
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41601290);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1502506);陕西省教育厅基础研究计划项目(15JK1725)
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