以湖北省鄂州市某湖泊底泥重金属为研究对象,在调查和分析的基础上,采用地质累积指数和潜在生态危害指数对底泥中的重金属分布以及污染状况进行评价。结果表明:从柱状底泥纵向分布来看,该湖底泥重金属含量整体上呈现从上到下递减的变化趋势,上层底泥重金属含量最高;从空间分布上看,3个湖区重金属污染程度排序是西湖区域＞东湖区域＞中湖区域。地质累积指数评价结果显示该湖底泥重金属主要以无污染—中度污染为主,底泥中重金属污染程度的大小排序为Cd＞Zn＞Cu＞Pb＞Ni＞Cr＞Hg＞As;潜在生态危害指数法的评价结果显示底泥中As、Ni、Cu、Pb、Cr和Zn生态风险水平较低,Cd和Hg存在着不同程度的潜在生态风险,Cd的潜在生态风险最高。研究成果为该湖泊的污染调查和评价分析提供参考,并为湖泊后续的保护和水环境系统的可持续发展提供科学依据。
Abstract
On the basis of investigation and analysis of heavy metals in the sediment of an urban lake in Ezhou, Hubei Province, the heavy metals in the sediment were evaluated according to geologic accumulation index and potential ecological hazard index. Results indicated that heavy metal concentration in the sediment declined from top to bottom, and the heavy metal content in the upper sediment was the highest. The west region of lake subjected to the most severe pollution of heavy metals, followed by the east region and the middle region in sequence. In terms of geological accumulation index, heavy metals in the sediment were mainly pollution-free to moderately polluted; the pollution degree of different heavy metals followed the order of Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb>Ni>Cr>Hg>As. According to the potential ecological risk index, As, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cr and Zn in the sediment posed low ecological risk, whereas Cd and Hg had potential ecological risk at different degrees, and Cd posed the highest ecological risk.
关键词
城市湖泊 /
底泥 /
重金属 /
地质累积指数 /
潜在生态危害指数
Key words
urban lake /
sediment /
heavy metals /
index of geo-accumulation /
potential ecological risk assessment
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 熊汉锋,万细华.农业面源氮磷污染对湖泊水体富营养化的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):25-27.
[2] 刘文新,汤鸿霄.河流沉积物重金属污染质量控制基准的研究Ⅰ.C-B-T质量三合一方法(Triad)[J].环境科学学报,1999,19(2):120-126.
[3] 简敏菲,弓晓峰,游 海.鄱阳湖水土环境及其水生维管束植物重金属污染[J].长江流域资源与环境,2004,13(6):589-593.
[4] 简敏菲,弓晓峰,游 海.水生植物对铜、铅、锌等重金属元素富集作用的评价研究[J].南昌大学学报(工科版),2004,26(1):85-88.
[5] 王冠柏,王 怡,张 颖,等.菹草生长对西安护城河底泥营养及重金属的影响[J].中国给水排水,2018, 34(9):116-120.
[6] 许振成,杨晓云,温 勇,等.北江中上游底泥重金属污染及其潜在生态危害评价[J].环境科学,2009, 30(11):3262-3268.
[7] 余凤琴,陈元坤,但 言,等.长寿湖水体及底泥中重金属的空间分布及污染评价[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,42(11):119-123.
[8] 董 亮,张 烃,史双昕,等.土壤和沉积物中持久性有机污染物分析的不确定度评估[J].化学分析计量,2011,20(2):19-23.
[9] BARLAS N, AKBULUT N, AYDOAN M. Assessment of Heavy Metal Residues in the Sediment and Water Samples of Uluabat Lake, Turkey[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology, 2005, 74(2):286-293.
[10]DOYLE C J, PABLO F, LIM R P, et al. Assessment of Metal Toxicity in Sediment Pore Water from Lake Macquarie, Australia[J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology, 2003, 44(3):343-350.
[11]贾振邦,周 华,赵智杰,等.应用地积累指数法评价太子河沉积物中重金属污染[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2000,36(4):525-530.
[12]舒 伟,陈 玥,高阳俊.基于3种方法对河道底泥重金属污染评价[J].上海第二工业大学学报,2018,35(1):1-9.
[13]张树刚,吕宝强,马志凯,等.温州近岸海域沉积物中重金属生态风险评价[J].环境科学与技术, 2016,39(增刊2):437-443.
[14]FORSTNER U. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences (Contaminated Sediments) [M]. Belin:Springer Verlag, 1989:107-109.
[15]钱庆腾,方淑波,乔亚军,等.盐城海岸带土壤重金属污染风险评价比较研究[J].环境污染与防治, 2016,38(12):43-48.
[16]HAKANSON L. An Ecological Risk Index for Aquatic Pollution Control. A Sedimentological Approach[J]. Water Research, 1980, 14(8):975-1001.
[17]金相灿,李进军,张晴波.湖泊河流环保疏浚工程技术指南[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[18]周秀艳,王恩德,朱恩静.辽东湾河口底泥中重金属的污染评价[J].环境化学,2004, 23(3):321-325.
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2017062/SH,CKSF2019407)
PDF(2563 KB)
