金沙江上游地区堵江滑坡发育密集,其诱发的次生地质灾害给当地人民的生命财产安全以及流域内的水库建设都带来了严重的威胁,而目前针对金沙江流域的滑坡堵江研究,尤其是滑坡的堵江机制研究还相对较少。以现场地质调查为基础,结合钻孔勘探成果与数值模拟分析,系统研究了金沙江上游某特大型滑坡的发育特征与堵江机制,研究结果表明该滑坡为顺层陡倾岩质斜坡体上发育的以云母石英片岩为主的基岩滑坡,平面呈明显的圈椅状,总方量达6 000万m3,曾严重堵塞金沙江,整个滑坡堵江机制可以总结为:顺层斜坡高速滑动→前缘碰撞堆积→后缘推动形成一定冲高→强夯成坝→完全堵江。
Abstract
The secondary geological disasters induced by densely-developed landslides in the upstream of Jinsha River have severely threatened people’s livelihood and property security and the construction of reservoirs in the drainage basin. At present, however, river-blocking landslides in the Jinsha River basin, in particular, the mechanism of river blocking is rarely reported. In this paper, the development characteristics and river-blocking mechanism of a mega-landslide in the upstream of Jinsha River are investigated via drilling exploration and numerical simulation based on in-situ geological survey. Study results show that the bedrock landslide was developed on consequent and steep slope dominated by mica-quartz schist. With a total volume of 60 million m3, the landslide had blocked the Jinsha River severely, displaying an evident chair shape. The river-blocking mechanism is summarized as follows: high-speed sliding of bedding slope → collision and accumulation of front edge → pushing by the trailing edge → consolidation until damming → complete blocking of the river.
关键词
特大型滑坡 /
滑坡发育 /
堵江特征 /
堵江机制 /
金沙江上游
Key words
mega-landslide /
landslide development /
river-blocking characteristics /
river-blocking mechanism /
upper reach of Jinsha River
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基金
中国地质调查局项目(121201010000150003)
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