以广西西江流域为研究对象,从生态、资源、灾害3个方面入手,构建其脆弱性评价指标体系,在GIS的技术支持下,利用空间主成分分析法(SPCA)和层次分析法(AHP)对流域脆弱性进行评价。将广西西江流域脆弱性从低到高依次划分为5个层次,分别为潜在脆弱、微度脆弱、轻度脆弱、中度脆弱、重度脆弱。结合流域脆弱性评估结果,探究其脆弱性空间分布规律,并提出综合整治建议。结果表明:广西西江流域脆弱性主要在微度—中度脆弱之间,占流域总面积的75.46%,其中,中度脆弱区面积占比最大,为29.11%;潜在脆弱和重度脆弱面积占比较小,分别为11.48%和13.06%;广西西江流域脆弱性空间分布与其地形高程关系较为密切,随着海拔高程越大,脆弱性有增大的趋势。研究成果为广西西江流域的综合治理和可持续发展提供了数量化决策依据和理论支持。

The vulnerability of Xijiang River drainage basin in Guangxi, China is evaluated in this paper by using spatial principal component analysis and analytical hierarchy process in association with GIS technology.The evaluation index system comprises indicators involved in ecology, resource, and disaster. The vulnerability is classified into five levels in order: potentially vulnerable, slightly vulnerable, mildly vulnerable, moderately vulnerable, and severely vulnerable. The spatial distribution of vulnerability is examined, and comprehensive treatment suggestions are put forward. As the research shows, slightly vulnerable, mildly vulnerable, and moderately vulnerable area together cover 75.46% of the total basin area, among which moderately vulnerable area is the largest, accounting for up to 29.11%; potentially and severely vulnerable area covers 11.48% and 13.06% of the total area, respectively. The spatial vulnerability distribution is closely related with elevation. With the climbing of elevation, vulnerability exacerbates.