水工建筑物有压进水口吸气漩涡对建筑物和水力机械有一定的破坏作用。探讨漩涡尤其是吸气漩涡的产生机理,揭示其运动的规律,寻求控制漩涡危害的有效措施,对工程具有实际意义。以往对进水口漩涡特性与影响因素研究主要集中在单道单管引水,关于双进水口或多进水口的漩涡特性的研究较少。选取双有压进水口淹没出流,针对不同淹没水深,通过改变进水口体型及布置型式,观测水面流场及漩涡特性。研究发现随着相对淹没水深的增加,吸气漩涡持续时间、频率及强度均降低;不同淹没水深情况下,立轴漩涡的直径及强度随着淹没水深的不断增加呈现先变大后减小的变化过程;适当增大进水口间距能够改变漩涡类型,降低吸气漩涡持续时间及其出现的频率。

The intake vortices of pressure inlets have destructive effect on hydraulic machinery and buildings. It is of practical significance to discuss the generation mechanism of vortex, especially of intake vortex, to reveal the law of movement, and to seek effective measures to control the damage of vortex. Studies on the inlet vortices properties and influencing factors mainly focused on single-channel and single inlet water rather than vortex properties of double inlets or multiple inlets. Submerged outflow of dual-pressure inlet is adopted to observe water flow field and vortex properties by changing the shape and arrangement of the inlet under different submergence depths. Results show that the duration time, frequency and intensity of intake vortex decrease with the increasing of relative submergence depth. In different submerged water depths, the diameter and intensity of vertical vortex show a process of increasing first and then decreasing as the submergence depth increases. Increasing the distance between the inlets appropriately could change the vortex type and reduce the duration and frequency of the intake vortex.