水工结构细微裂缝的裂缝开度小、缝面堵塞较为普遍、灌浆难度大,利用传统的裂缝灌浆工艺难以保障灌浆质量。结合工程实际,系统分析了传统灌浆工艺进行水工结构细微裂缝化学灌浆存在的不足,对现有的裂缝灌浆压力理论进行了探讨,认为水工结构细微裂缝化学灌浆技术的关键是提高可灌性,提出了“无损+高压+多孔并灌”的水工结构细微裂缝灌浆技术内涵,并详细阐述了粘贴灌浆嘴、裂缝表面封闭、清洗剂洗缝、专用设备灌浆、多孔并灌、提高灌浆压力等主要工序内容、施工工艺及质量控制要点。本成果可以显著提高水工结构细微裂缝化学灌浆的效果,又能避免灌浆孔成孔及凿槽嵌缝造成的结构混凝土表面损伤等问题,是水工结构裂缝化学灌浆技术的有机组成部分和重要补充。

As the small opening and common seam blocking of fine cracks in hydraulic structure pose big difficulty to grouting, conventional crack grouting techniques could not guarantee the grouting quality. In this article, the shortcomings of conventional grouting techniques in chemical grouting of fine cracks in hydraulic structure are analyzed based on engineering practice. According to grouting pressure theories, the key of chemical grouting of fine cracks in hydraulic structure is to improve the groutability. On this basis, a technical idea of nondestructive and simultaneous porous grouting with high pressure is proposed, and the contents and techniques and quality control essentials of some procedures, inclusive of pasting grout nipple, crack surface enclosure, washing cracks by cleaning agent, grouting by specific equipment, simultaneous porous grouting, and raising grouting pressure, are expounded. The proposed techniques are part of and important supplement to the existing chemical grouting of hydraulic structure as they could avoid the surface damage caused by grouting holes and caulking, and improve the grouting effect.