为达到抑制干旱区平原水库水分蒸发的目的,采用PVC浮球为试验材料,通过室内、外试验观测并分析无配重浮球在不同风速下的运动情况,探究浮球产生不规则旋转和翻滚运动的原因,并采取增加配重的办法对此问题加以解决。通过对比不同配重的浮球在不同气象条件下的湿润率并对其在试验期内的蒸发抑制率进行评价,结果表明:负载配重后的浮球比无配重的浮球的防蒸发节水效果更加显著,其水面综合蒸发抑制率最大可提高24%。研究成果为干旱区平原水库的节水措施提供了新思路。

In the aim of restraining invalid evaporation of plain reservoir in arid area, the efficiency of PVC lightweight balls covering the water surface of reservoir in reducing surface evaporation was evaluated. The movement of lightweight balls in the presence of difference wind speeds was observed and analyzed through indoor and outdoor tests. The causes of irregular rotation and rolling of balls were investigated, and additional load weights were added to the balls to solve this problem. Furthermore, the wetting rates and anti-evaporation coefficients of balls with different load weights under different climate conditions were calculated and compared. Results suggest that floating balls with additional load weights have better effect of reducing evaporation than balls with no additional load weight. The comprehensive rate of reducing surface evaporation could improve by 24% to the maximum.