通过对太湖污染源的概化、比较,选择农业污水、工业污水、生活污水、雨水作为太湖水体污染源,测定污染源及16个水样δ15N和δ18O值,结合同位素质量守恒模型进行数值分析,确定各污染源来源比例。结果表明:太湖整体工农业污染占主要比重,生活污水和雨水来源比例均较低;其中,入湖支流水样工业污染来源比例平均高于农业污染来源,相对开阔湖区水样工业污染来源比例低于农业污染来源,而相对封闭湖区水样工业污染来源比例则高于农业污染来源。可见,在合理划分湖泊水体污染源组成的基础上,利用同位素与数值模型对污染源来源比例的量化研究可为湖泊污染源治理轻重缓急的选择提供参考依据,是揭示湖泊水体污染来源及其污染程度的重要手段。
Abstract
Through summarization and comparison of the pollution sources of Taihu Lake, we determined four sources: industry, agriculture, sewage, and rain. Sixteen samples from both lake area and tributary area were collected, and δ15N and 和δ18O in these samples were measured. The contribution ratio of pollution sources was analyzed based on the stable isotope technique in association with the model of isotope conservation of mass. Results show that pollutions from industry and agriculture are more serious than those from sewage and rain. As for the samples into the lake from tributary area, the proportion of industrial pollution is basically higher than that of agricultural pollution, and the result of samples from relatively closed lake area is similar, whereas for samples from relatively broad lake area, the result is reverse. On the basis of rationally classifying water pollution resources, quantitative study using isotope technique and numerical model could provide reference for the harnessing of pollution sources of lake. It is also an important approach of determining pollution sources for lake water and pollution conditions.
关键词
同位素 /
δ15N和δ18O /
SymboldA@18O /
污染源 /
质量守恒 /
太湖
Key words
isotope /
δ15N /
δ18O /
pollution sources /
conservation of mass /
Taihu Lake
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 王仕琴, 宋献方, 肖国强, 等. 基于氢氧同位素的华北平原降水入渗过程[J]. 水科学进展, 2009, 20(4): 495-501.
[2] 滕彦国, 左 锐, 王金生, 等. 区域地下水演化的地球化学研究进展[J]. 水科学进展, 2010, 21(1): 127-135.
[3] 金正耀. 铅同位素示踪方法应用于考古研究的进展[J]. 地球学报, 2003,(6): 548-551.
[4] NEWSOME S D, PHILLIPS D L, CULLETON B J, et al. Dietary Reconstruction of An Early to Middle Holocene Human Population from the Central California Coast: Insights from Advanced Stable Isotope Mixing Models[J]. Journal of Archaeological Sciences, 2004, 31: 1101-1115.
[5] LUBETKIN S, SIMENSTAD C. Multi-source Mixing Models to Quantify Food Web Sources and Pathways[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, 41(5): 996-1008.
[6] 李忠义, 金显仕, 庄志猛, 等. 稳定同位素技术在水域生态系统研究中的应用[J]. 生态学报, 2005, 25(11): 3052-3060.
[7] 童海滨,陈建生,汪集旸. 河道水体中氢氧稳定同位素组成的微分方程模型[J]. 水科学进展, 2007,18(4):552-557.
[8] 王永森,陈建生,汪集旸,等. 降水过程中氢氧稳定同位素理论关系研究[J]. 水科学进展, 2009,20(2):204-208.
[9] PHILLIPS D L, GREGG J W. Uncertainty in Source Partitioning Using Stable Isotopes[J]. Oecologia, 2001, 127(2): 171-179.
[10]PHILLIPS D L, KOCH P. Incorporating Concentration Dependence in Stable Isotope Mixing Models[J]. Oecologia, 2002, 130(1): 114-125.
[11]张建强,王 莹,彭 林,等. 太原市PM10 及其污染源中碳的同位素组成[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(6):968-972.
[12]李培中,段小丽,程红光,等. 铅稳定同位素在环境源解析中的应用[J]. 环境科学与技术,2013,36(5):63-67.
[13]吴龙华, 张长波, 章海波, 等. 铅稳定同位素在土壤污染物来源识别中的应用[J]. 环境科学,2009,30(1):227-230.
[14]孙 锐,舒 帆,郝 伟,等.典型Pb /Zn 矿区土壤重金属污染特征与Pb同位素源解析[J]. 环境科学,2011,32(4):1146-1153.
[15]苏 丹,唐大元,刘兰岚,等.水环境污染源解析研究进展[J]. 生态环境学报, 2009, 18(2): 749-755.
[16]KENDALL C, MCDONNELL J J. Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology[M]. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 1998:519-576.
[17]FRY B.Steady State Models of Stable Isotopic Distributions[J]. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, 2003, 39(3): 219-232.
[18]PHILLIPS D L, GREGG J W. Source Partitioning Using Stable Isotopes: Coping with Too Many Sources[J]. Oecologia, 2003, 136(2): 261-269.
PDF(1485 KB)
