为了减缓温室气体排放、应对气候变化影响,以水电清洁能源与生态环境相互协调发展为核心的绿色水电评估成为研究热点。基于国内外绿色水电研究现状,提出以国际绿色水电认证体系、我国现行技术标准为基础,从防洪、航运、能源、生态环境、移民生态补偿、库区文化景观补偿等角度出发,分析长江上游典型区域梯级水电工程建设、运行各阶段对环境、经济、社会的影响,提炼出具有完备性、独立性、代表性、可比性、可操作性的指标体系,探寻我国绿色水电评价指标及其阈值。通过选择具有代表性的典型案例进行试点评估,建立覆盖水电工程项目全生命周期的生态保护-经济效益-社会影响评估体系,以保证我国水电工程项目建设中每个环节的“绿色性”,促进我国水电清洁能源的可持续发展。

In order to alleviate the impact of greenhouse gas emission on climate change, the green hydropower assessment that centers on the harmonious development between clean hydropower and eco-environment has become a research hotspot. In accordance with the current situation of research on green hydropower in China and abroad, a complete, independent, representative, comparable and implementable indicator system is proposed in this paper, and the green hydropower evaluation indicators and their thresholds are explored by analyzing the environmental, economic and social impacts of the construction and operation of cascade hydropower projects in typical areas of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River from perspectives of flood control, ship transport, energy, eco-environment, ecological compensation for immigrants and cultural and landscape compensation. International green hydropower certification system and the present technical standards in China are taken as basis. Moreover, by choosing typical cases as the pilot ones, an evaluation system of ecological protection, economic benefits and social influence that covers the full life circle of the hydropower projects is established to guarantee an environmental-friendly construction of hydropower projects in China and to promote the sustainable development of clean hydropower energy in China.