三峡工程是治理开发长江的骨干型水利枢纽工程,对国家经济、社会和生态环境影响深远。三峡水库建成以来,不仅在防御长江洪水威胁方面作用巨大,而且发电、航运等综合经济效益显著。为减轻工程运行造成的不利影响,对三峡水库2011—2014年运行期间开展了生态调度试验。为了更好地推进三峡水库生态调度工作,结合三峡工程设计阶段的生态环境影响评估结论和试验运行期生态调度目标的监测结果,对已开展的生态调度效果进行科学的评价,并对未来生态调度提出建议。

As a key water control project to manage and develop the Yangtze river, the Three Gorges project has profound impact on national economy, society and ecological environment. It not only has played a significant role in defending flood threat of the Yangtze river, but also has created remarkable economic benefits in power generation and river shipping since it was built. To alleviate the adverse impact caused by the operation of the Three Gorges reservoir, ecological operation practice was carried out from 2011 to 2014. In order to promote the ecological operation of the reservoir in the future, the effect of the ecological operation which was carried out during trial run period is scientifically evaluated combining the assessment conclusions of ecological impact of the Three Gorges project in design phase and the monitoring results of ecological operation target in trial run period. Finally some suggestions are put forward for the future ecological operation.