竖缝鱼道的消能主要集中在竖缝处,竖缝束窄使水流形成漩涡,导致鱼道内流速过高,水流紊乱。为了改善竖缝式鱼道池室的水流特性,采用雷诺应力(RSM)模型对不同结构形式的同侧竖缝鱼道进行数值模拟。研究表明:在池室内正对竖缝下游布置圆柱型障碍物,竖缝处流速梯度减小,紊动能和雷诺剪切力均降低约20%～30%,这种池型的鱼道水力特性稳定,能满足更多鱼类的过坝。
Abstract
The energy dissipation of vertical-slot fishway is concentrated near the slot. Due to the shrinkage and constraint of the slot, vortex is generated, and the flow in the fishway is made faster and tangled. In order to improve the hydraulic characteristics of fishway pool room, the RSM(Reynold’s stress model) was applied to numerically simulate the same side of vertical-slot fishways of different structures. Results suggest that a cylindrical barrier in the pool at the slot exit could help attenuate the velocity gradients at the slot, and reduce the turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds shear stress by 20%-30%. The hydraulic characteristic of this fishway is stable and it could meet the hydrodynamic requirements of more fishes passing through the dam.
关键词
竖缝式 /
鱼道 /
结构变化 /
数值模拟 /
雷诺应力模型
Key words
vertical slot /
fishway /
structural variation /
numerical simulation /
Reynold’s stress model
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参考文献
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