壅水条件下水流结构特征及推移质泥沙输移规律问题目前尚未得到很好的解决,如天然壅水河段、水库库区壅水等条件下的泥沙输移、河床冲淤等问题,亟需这方面的理论支撑。利用理论分析、实测资料、水槽试验等方法进行对比分析首先分析不同条件下推移质输沙率变化的差异性;然后利用水槽试验观测壅水条件下非均匀流水流结构特征;最后结合天然实测资料和水槽试验资料,回归分析得出了适合在水库库区壅水河道的推移质输沙率计算公式。研究结果为当壅水程度指标β达到1.3以上时,现有各家公式已基本不能用来计算壅水条件下的推移质输沙率;利用水槽试验资料得到了相对床面切应力与壅水程度指标β的定量关系;回归分析得出壅水河道推移质输沙率计算公式可以在三峡库区河段适用。
Abstract
Hydrodynamic characteristics and bed load transport in backwater condition are not well comprehended yet. In particular, problems such as the sediment transport and fluvial process in natural backwater river or reservoir backwater area need to be explained theoretically. In this research, theoretical analysis, field observed data and flume experiment are carried out as follows firstly the differences of bed load transport in different conditions were analyzed, then the non-uniform flow structure in backwater condition was observed through flume experiment, and finally the bed load transport formula suitable for reservoir backwater condition was deduced based on data from field observation and flume experiment by regression analysis. Results reveal that when the backwater index β is beyond 1.3, traditional formulas are no longer suitable to calculate the bed load transport in backwater condition. The proposed bed load transport formula in backwater condition in consideration of bed stress and backwater index could be applied for researching the bed load transport in rivers of Three Gorges Reservoir area.
关键词
壅水条件 /
推移质输移 /
水槽试验 /
输沙率公式
Key words
backwater condition /
bed-load transport /
flume experiment /
sediment transport rate formula
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基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2012030/HL)
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