基于CFD-DPM模型的不同生态抛枕防护效果分析

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20240532

raybet体育在线院报 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 19-26.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20240532

基于CFD-DPM模型的不同生态抛枕防护效果分析

孙洪广¹(), 洪良贞¹, 王茂枚²(), 王连¹

¹ 河海大学力学与工程科学学院,南京 211100
² 江苏省水利科学院水下探测中心, 南京 210017

收稿日期:2024-05-16 修回日期:2024-08-01 出版日期:2025-04-01 发布日期:2025-04-01
通信作者:
王茂枚(1983-),男,江西吉安人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事水下地形测量研究。E-mail: maomaomei@126.com
作者简介:
孙洪广(1982-),男,山东聊城人,教授,博士,博士生导师,主要从事河流泥沙运动和土壤和地下含水层溶质迁移方向。E-mail:shg@hhu.edu.cn
基金资助:
江苏省水利科技项目(523074712)

Protective Effects of Different Shapes of Ecological Rip-rap Bags Based on CFD-DPM Model

SUN Hong-guang¹(), HONG Liang-zhen¹, WANG Mao-mei²(), WANG Lian¹

¹ College of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
² Underwater Exploration Center, Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210017,China

Received:2024-05-16 Revised:2024-08-01 Published:2025-04-01 Online:2025-04-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

天然河道中弯曲边坡是受侵蚀的严重区域,弯曲边坡防护是河道治理的重大难题。基于生态护坡理念,对比研究了砂石填装的不同形状抛枕在弯道侵蚀中的防护效果。根据实际河道结构,构建了弯道河床几何模型,进而利用计算流体力学-离散相模型(CFD-DPM)方法分析在弯曲河道凹岸侧投放长方体、半球体和半圆柱体抛枕的护岸效果。分析结果表明:在水流速度v=0.5 m/s的条件下,放置有抛枕的3种模型中,长方体抛枕附近的凹岸受到的压力最小,半圆柱体抛枕中颗粒雷诺数最小;半圆柱体抛枕阻挡的颗粒量最多、颗粒的平均速度最小,比无抛枕模型中的颗粒平均速度小9%;放置长方体抛枕的护岸模式下,对抛枕附近的凹岸有较好的防护效果,放置半圆柱体抛枕的护岸模式下,阻沙效果最佳。

关键词: 弯曲边坡防护, 生态护坡, 砂石抛枕, 弯道河床几何模型, CFD-DPM方法, 防护效果

Abstract:

Curved slopes in natural river channels are highly susceptible to erosion, posing a significant challenge for river management. To address this issue, a comparative study was conducted on the protective effects of sand-and-gravel rip-rap bags of different shapes against erosion based on the concept of ecological slope protection. First, a geometric model of the curved-channel bed was constructed according to the actual river structure. Then, the CFD-DPM method was employed to analyze the bank-protection effects of rectangular, hemispherical, and semi-cylindrical bags placed on the concave bank of the curved channel. Results revealed that under a flow velocity of 0.5 m/s, among the three shapes of protection bags, rectangular bags bring about the least pressure on the concave bank, while semi-cylindrical bags obstruct the largest amount of sediment particles, leading to the smallest Reynolds number of particles and the minimum average particle velocity, 9% lower than that in the model without protection bags. In conclusion, rectangular rip-raping bags offers better protection for the adjacent concave bank, while semi-cylindrical bags provide the most effective sand-blocking function.

Key words: river bend slope protection, ecological protection, sand and gravel rip-rap bag, geometric modeling of curved riverbed, CFD-DPM method, protection effect

中图分类号:

TV851疏浚(河床整理)

孙洪广, 洪良贞, 王茂枚, 王连. 基于CFD-DPM模型的不同生态抛枕防护效果分析[J]. raybet体育在线院报, 2025, 42(4): 19-26.

SUN Hong-guang, HONG Liang-zhen, WANG Mao-mei, WANG Lian. Protective Effects of Different Shapes of Ecological Rip-rap Bags Based on CFD-DPM Model[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2025, 42(4): 19-26.

图/表 15

图1 CFD-DPM 耦合计算流程

Fig.1 CFD-DPM coupling calculation flow

图2 长江八卦洲河段河道地形

Fig.2 Topography of the river channel of Baguazhou section of the Yangtze River

图3 抛枕在底面的布置

Fig.3 Arrangement of baffles on the bottom surface

图4 弯道护岸模型

Fig.4 River bend revetment model

表1 模型相关参数

Table 1 Model parameters

模型参数	参数值	模型参数	参数值
颗粒直径颗粒密度	D=0.3 mm ρ=2 600 kg/m³	流体密度	ρ=1 000 kg/m³
粒子喷射速度	0 m/s	入口流体流速	v=0.5 m/s
喷射粒子流量	0.01 g/s	重力加速度	g=10 m/s²

图5 不同护岸模式下的体网格划分

Fig.5 Volume meshing in different revetment modes

表2 网格无关性验证的划分

Table 2 Maximum size for mesh independence validation

种类	网格最大尺寸/mm	种类	网格最大尺寸/mm
A	12	D	6.45
B	10	E	6
C	8	F	4

图6 网格无关性验证结果

Fig.6 Mesh independence validation results

图7 不同护岸模式下距离河床底面1 mm处的截面的速度云图

Fig.7 Velocity contours at cross section 1 mm from the riverbed bottom in different revetment modes

图8 不同护岸模式下河岸两侧和底面的压力云图

Fig.8 Pressure contours on lateral and bottom surfaces of the riverbank under different revetment modes

图9 不同护岸模式下的颗粒速度

Fig.9 Velocity of particles under different revetment modes

图10 半球体抛枕下护岸模式的取样布置

Fig.10 Sampling arrangement in the revetment mode with hemispherical bags

图11 不同护岸模式阻沙数量统计

Fig.11 Statistics on the amount of blocked sediment in different revetment modes

图12 壁面检测到的粒子数量及其轨迹

Fig.12 Number and trajectories of particles detected on the wall

图13 不同护岸模式下的颗粒雷诺数

Fig.13 Reynolds number of sediment particles under different revetment modes

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基于CFD-DPM模型的不同生态抛枕防护效果分析

Protective Effects of Different Shapes of Ecological Rip-rap Bags Based on CFD-DPM Model

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