为研究溢洪道弯段布置糙条消能工的消能特性,在新疆“635”溢洪道整治工程的研究基础上,通过量纲分析,建立了糙条消能率多因素影响模型;采用正交试验原理,对溢洪道弯段糙条消能工的布置进行正交试验并根据试验结果进行多重回归分析,得到了反映糙条布置参数和溢洪道工程参数的消能率计算公式;然后为探究各因素影响大小进行了相关性分析,并定义无量纲因子k来反映糙条消能工的综合特性。结果表明:溢洪道工程参数对消能率的影响较大,而糙条布置参数除布置角度外影响均较小;无量纲因子k与消能率和水面横比降均呈负相关关系,且改变糙条布置参数对水面横比降的影响较消能率大;k值的波动范围在0.016~0.049之间,当消能率最大时,k=0.025,水面横比降最小时,k=0.037。提出的消能率多因素影响模型是一种半理论半经验计算公式,可为实际工程设计提供理论依据。
Abstract
To obtain the energy dissipation characteristics of rough strips arranged in the bends of spillway, a multi-factor influence model of the energy dissipation rate of the rough strips was established based on the research of the Xinjiang “635” spillway rectification project via dimensional analysis. According to the principle of orthogonal experiment, orthogonal test was conducted on the layout of the rough strip energy dissipator in the spillway bend, and multiple regression analysis was accomplished according to the test results to derive the calculation formula of energy dissipation rate reflecting the layout parameters of rough strips and the engineering parameters of the spillway. Moreover, correlation analysis was carried out to explore the influence of each factor, and a dimensionless factor k was defined to reflect the comprehensive characteristics of the rough strip energy dissipator. The findings are concluded as follows: the engineering parameters of spillway have remarkable impact on the energy dissipation rate, while the layout parameters of rough strips have little effect except for the arrangement angle. The dimensionless factor k was in a negative correlation with the energy dissipation rate and the transversal slope of water surface. In addition, changing the layout parameters of rough strips exerted a greater impact on the transversal slope of water surface than the energy dissipation rate. The value of k ranged between 0.016 and 0.049. When the energy dissipation rate reached the peak, k=0.025; when the transversal slope of water surface hit the bottom, k=0.037. As a semi-theoretical and semi-empirical calculation formula, the proposed multi-factor influence model for energy dissipation rate could offer theoretical basis for actual engineering design.
关键词
糙条消能工 /
消能率 /
溢洪道弯段 /
量纲分析 /
正交设计 /
偏相关性分析
Key words
rough strip energy dissipator /
dissipation rate /
spillway bend /
dimensional analysis /
orthogonal design /
partial correlation analysis
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51769037,51469031);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划创新团队项目(XJEDU2017T004)
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