为解决复杂岩石力学问题,研发了复杂应力路径岩体高压真三轴原位试验技术及流变试验技术、岩体原位大尺度模型试验技术以及岩体破裂扩展精细探测技术等岩体原位试验新技术,并将其应用于白鹤滩柱状节理玄武岩修建高拱坝适宜性、锦屏二级引水隧洞高应力条件下深埋岩体力学特性、乌江构皮滩垂直升船机软岩地基长期变形预测等水工复杂岩体工程关键技术问题的研究。主要研究成果为:①针对高地应力岩体和地下洞室开挖复杂应力路径岩体的变形破坏问题,获得了柱状节理玄武岩、深埋大理岩考虑中间主应力影响的非线性强度准则的强度参数;②针对高应力、复杂应力路径条件下复杂结构岩体的流变特性问题,获得了深埋大理岩流变参数;③针对柱状节理玄武岩松弛特性及预应力锚固防松弛措施,实现了柱状节理玄武岩开挖松弛过程以及岩体真三轴试验破坏过程声发射精细探测;④针对构皮滩超高垂直升船机桩-软岩复合地基长期变形问题,获得了桩-软岩复合地基流变参数。该成果提升了岩体原位试验技术水平,发展了岩石力学基础理论,对解决水工复杂条件下的岩石力学新问题提供了技术支撑。
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of rock mechanics under complex hydraulic conditions,we have developed technologies regarding in-situ high-pressure true triaxial test and rheological test on rock mass with complex stress path, in-situ large-scale model test as well as fine detection of micro-crack development in failure process of rock mass, and applied them to tackling key technical problems in complex hydraulic rock engineering. Such technical problems include the suitability of building high arch dam in Baihetan columnar-jointed basalt, the mechanical properties of deep buried rock mass under high geostress in Secondary Jinping diversion tunnel, and the long-term deformation prediction of the soft rock foundation of Wujiang Goupitan vertical ship lift. We thereby present some research achievements as follows: (1) The strength parameters of nonlinear strength criterion of columnar-jointed basalt and deep buried marble with the influence of intermediate principal stress into consideration were obtained through researches on the deformation and failure characteristics of rock mass under high geostress and rock mass with complex stress path in cavern-excavating process. (2) The rheological parameters of deep buried marble were obtained via researching the rheology properties of complex structural rock mass under high geostress and with complex stress path. (3) Acoustic emission fine observation of the excavation-relaxation process of columnar-jointed basalt and the failure process of specimens of true triaxial test was accomplished by examining the relaxation properties of columnar-jointed basalt and pre-anchoring anti-relaxation measures. (4) The rheological constitutive parameters of soft rock-pile composite foundation were acquired by studying the rheology properties of soft rock-pile composite foundation of Wujiang Goupitan super high vertical ship lift. Such achievements have promoted the in-situ test technology of rock mass, developed the basic theory of rock mechanics, and offered technical support for solving the new problems of rock mechanics under complex hydraulic conditions.
关键词
岩石力学 /
原位试验新技术 /
真三轴流变试验 /
大尺度模型试验 /
声发射探测 /
复杂应力路径
Key words
rock mechanics /
new technologies of in-situ mechanical test /
true triaxial rheological test /
large-scale model test /
acoustic emission observation /
complex stress path
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(50639090);“十一五”国家科技支撑项目(2008BAB29B01-1);水利部“948”项目(2009-01)
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