为应对当前山洪灾害预警雨量指标定义多、实际应用时产生困惑的现象,分析梳理了现有定义,重新将预警雨量定义为规划预警雨量和应急预警雨量2类,并从产汇流机理出发,提出简单可行的无资料地区应急预警雨量指标的计算方法。计算结果比较发现,2类预警雨量指标的变化规律不同。在制定山洪灾害防灾措施时,需要根据服务目标(预警还是工程设计),确定应该采用的预警雨量指标类型,以实现山洪灾害的合理防控。
Abstract
Confusion arises in practical application due to multiple definitions of rainfall threshold for flash flood warning. In view of this, we analyzed and summarized the existing definitions, and redefined the rainfall threshold for early warning into two types planned rainfall threshold and emergency rainfall threshold. In line with the mechanism of flow yield and confluence, we proposed a simple and feasible method of calculating the emergency rainfall threshold for ungauged areas. Comparison of calculation result between the two types indicates that the variations of planned rainfall threshold and emergency rainfall threshold are featured with different rules. In forming prevention and control measures for flash flood, we should make clear the objectives (for early warning or for engineering design) in determining the indicator type to realize a reasonable prevention and control.
关键词
山洪灾害 /
预警时段 /
规划预警雨量 /
应急预警雨量 /
无资料地区
Key words
flash flood disaster /
early warning period /
planned rainfall threshold for early warning /
emergency rainfall threshold /
ungauged area
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51679184)
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